Matsuda Yoko, Tsushima Eiki, Yo Kiyonori, Oishi Yosuke, Murase Masaaki
Department of Rehabilitation, Hamawaki Orthopedic Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan.
Department of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Japan.
Spine Surg Relat Res. 2024 Mar 11;8(5):528-533. doi: 10.22603/ssrr.2023-0295. eCollection 2024 Sep 27.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between childbirth and lower back pain and determine the health-related quality of life of female patients with lower back pain.
A total of 111 patients were divided into three groups: those who had given birth and developed lower back pain due to pregnancy, childbirth, or child-rearing movements (childbirth group, n=41), those who had given birth and developed lower back pain due to other causes (childbirth and other cause group, n=29), and those who were nulliparous (nulliparous group, n=41). A total of 22 physical therapists evaluated the patients during initial rehabilitation. Basic information and health-related quality of life were compared among the three groups using a one-way analysis of variance for the visual analog scale scores for lower back pain, summary scores (physical health [physical component summary] and mental health [mental component summary]), and subscales (physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health) of the Short Form-8 Health Survey. These values were also compared with the national standard values for health-related quality of life. The chi-square test of independence was used to compare distributions, and Fisher's exact probability test was used for cells with an expected value of <5.
Most participants had physical component summary scores below the national standard values. The visual analog scale scores for lower back pain were significantly higher in the birth group than in the nonbirth group. The physical component summary, physical functioning, and general health scores were significantly lower in the birth group than in the nonbirth group. Moreover, bodily pain scores were significantly lower in the birth group than in the other groups.
For female patients with lower back pain due to pregnancy, childbirth, or childcare activities, physical conditions unique to postpartum women should be considered, and if necessary, instructions for activities of daily living should be provided.
本研究旨在调查分娩与下背痛之间的关系，并确定下背痛女性患者的健康相关生活质量。
总共111名患者被分为三组：因怀孕、分娩或育儿活动而分娩并出现下背痛的患者（分娩组，n = 41），因其他原因分娩并出现下背痛的患者（分娩及其他原因组，n = 29），以及未生育的患者（未生育组，n = 41）。共有22名物理治疗师在初次康复期间对患者进行评估。使用单因素方差分析比较三组患者的基本信息和健康相关生活质量，比较指标包括下背痛的视觉模拟量表评分、总结评分（身体健康[身体成分总结]和心理健康[心理成分总结]）以及简短健康调查问卷的子量表（身体功能、角色-身体、身体疼痛、总体健康、活力、社会功能、角色-情感和心理健康）。这些值也与健康相关生活质量的国家标准值进行比较。使用独立性卡方检验比较分布情况，对于期望值<5的单元格使用Fisher精确概率检验。
大多数参与者的身体成分总结评分低于国家标准值。分娩组的下背痛视觉模拟量表评分显著高于未分娩组。分娩组的身体成分总结、身体功能和总体健康评分显著低于未分娩组。此外，分娩组的身体疼痛评分显著低于其他组。
对于因怀孕、分娩或育儿活动导致下背痛的女性患者，应考虑产后女性特有的身体状况，必要时应提供日常生活活动指导。
