Pressley Shannon R, McGill Alex S, Luu Bryant, Atsumi Shota
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Curr Opin Food Sci. 2024 Jun;57. doi: 10.1016/j.cofs.2024.101154. Epub 2024 Mar 12.
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are naturally occurring, non-digestible sugars found in human milk. They have recently become a popular target for industrial synthesis due to their positive effects on the developing gut microbiome and immune system of infants. Microbial synthesis has shown great promise in driving down the cost of these sugars and making them more available for consumers and researchers. The application of common metabolic engineering techniques such as gene knockouts, gene overexpression, and expression of exogenous genes has enabled the rational design of whole-cell biocatalysts which can produce increasingly complex HMOs. Herein, we discuss how these strategies have been applied to produce a variety of sugars from sialylated to complex fucosylated HMOs. With increased availability of HMOs, more research can be done to understand their beneficial effects.
人乳寡糖（HMOs）是存在于人乳中的天然不可消化性糖类。由于它们对婴儿发育中的肠道微生物群和免疫系统具有积极作用，最近已成为工业合成的热门目标。微生物合成在降低这些糖类成本并使其更易于消费者和研究人员获取方面显示出巨大潜力。基因敲除、基因过表达和外源基因表达等常见代谢工程技术的应用，使得能够合理设计可生产越来越复杂HMOs的全细胞生物催化剂。在此，我们讨论了这些策略如何应用于从唾液酸化到复杂岩藻糖基化的HMOs生产各种糖类。随着HMOs可用性的提高，可以开展更多研究来了解它们的有益作用。
