Department of Microbiology, Tripura University, Agartala 799022, India.
Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
Nutrients. 2022 Dec 1;14(23):5112. doi: 10.3390/nu14235112.
Surface-associated bacterial communities called biofilms are ubiquitous in nature. Biofilms are detrimental in medical settings due to their high tolerance to antibiotics and may alter the final pathophysiological outcome of many healthcare-related infections. Several innovative prophylactic and therapeutic strategies targeting specific mechanisms and/or pathways have been discovered and exploited in the clinic. One such emerging and original approach to dealing with biofilms is the use of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which are the third most abundant solid component in human milk after lactose and lipids. HMOs are safe to consume (GRAS status) and act as prebiotics by inducing the growth and colonization of gut microbiota, in addition to strengthening the intestinal epithelial barrier, thereby protecting from pathogens. Moreover, HMOs can disrupt biofilm formation and inhibit the growth of specific microbes. In the present review, we summarize the potential of HMOs as antibacterial and antibiofilm agents and, hence, propose further investigations on using HMOs for new-age therapeutic interventions.
表面相关的细菌群落，称为生物膜，在自然界中无处不在。生物膜由于其对抗生素的高耐受性而在医疗环境中有害，并可能改变许多与医疗保健相关的感染的最终病理生理结果。已经发现并在临床上利用了几种针对特定机制和/或途径的创新预防和治疗策略。一种处理生物膜的新兴和原始方法是使用人乳寡糖 (HMOs)，它是人乳中仅次于乳糖和脂质的第三大固体成分。HMOs 可安全食用（GRAS 状态），并通过诱导肠道微生物群的生长和定植，以及增强肠道上皮屏障来发挥益生元的作用，从而免受病原体的侵害。此外，HMOs 可以破坏生物膜的形成并抑制特定微生物的生长。在本综述中，我们总结了 HMOs 作为抗菌和抗生物膜剂的潜力，并因此提出了进一步研究 HMOs 用于新时代治疗干预的建议。
