Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Huzhou Central Hospital, Fifth Affiliated Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Microb Biotechnol. 2024 Oct;17(10):e70029. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.70029.
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a ubiquitous symbiotic bacterium in the gut, and the diversity of E. coli genes determines the diversity of its functions. In this review, the two-edged sword theory was innovatively proposed. For the question 'how can we harness the ambivalent nature of E. coli to screen and treat CRC?', in terms of CRC screening, the variations in the abundance and subtypes of E. coli across different populations present an opportunity to utilise it as a biomarker, while in terms of CRC treatment, the natural beneficial effect of E. coli on CRC may be limited, and engineered E. coli, particularly certain subtypes with probiotic potential, can indeed play a significant role in CRC treatment. It seems that the favourable role of E. coli as a genetic tool lies not in its direct impact on CRC but its potential as a research platform that can be integrated with various technologies such as nanoparticles, imaging methods, and synthetic biology modification. The relationship between gut microflora and CRC remains unclear due to the complex diversity and interaction of gut microflora. Therefore, the application of E. coli should be based on the 'One Health' view and take the interactions between E. coli and other microorganisms, host, and environmental factors, as well as its own changes into account. In this paper, the two-edged sword role of E. coli in CRC is emphasised to realise the great potential of E. coli in CRC screening and treatment.
大肠杆菌（E. coli）是肠道中普遍存在的共生细菌，其基因多样性决定了其功能的多样性。在这篇综述中，创新性地提出了双刃剑理论。对于“我们如何利用大肠杆菌的矛盾本质来筛选和治疗 CRC？”这个问题，就 CRC 筛查而言，不同人群中大肠杆菌丰度和亚型的变化为将其作为生物标志物提供了机会，而在 CRC 治疗方面，大肠杆菌对 CRC 的自然有益影响可能有限，而工程化的大肠杆菌，特别是具有益生菌潜力的某些亚型，确实可以在 CRC 治疗中发挥重要作用。似乎大肠杆菌作为遗传工具的有利作用不在于其对 CRC 的直接影响，而在于其作为一个研究平台的潜力，可以与纳米颗粒、成像方法和合成生物学修饰等各种技术相结合。由于肠道微生物群的复杂多样性和相互作用，肠道微生物群与 CRC 之间的关系仍不清楚。因此，大肠杆菌的应用应基于“同一健康”观点，并考虑到大肠杆菌与其他微生物、宿主和环境因素之间的相互作用以及其自身的变化。本文强调了大肠杆菌在 CRC 中的双刃剑作用，以实现大肠杆菌在 CRC 筛查和治疗中的巨大潜力。
