Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1463:159-165. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-67458-7_27.
Non-invasive, visual, and quantitative in vivo evaluation of pulmonary blood flow is helpful in assessing gas exchange at the alveolar level. A chest digital dynamic radiography system (CDDR) has the potential to visually and quantitatively express pulmonary haemodynamics using temporal changes in radiographic transparency synchronised with the heartbeat. The lung-diffusing capacity (DLCO) test involves membranous factors comprising the alveolar membrane, interstitium, and vascular walls. Additionally, DLCO includes pulmonary blood flow factors defined by pulmonary capillary blood flow and haemoglobin levels. In individuals lacking an alveolar septum, interstitial abnormalities or anaemia leading to changes in DLCO may reflect changes in the pulmonary blood flow. Here, we investigated the usefulness of CDDR in evaluating pulmonary blood flow by comparing it with DLCO.For pulmonary blood flow, we extracted and visualised signal changes in the lung field synchronised with heart rate during CDDR imaging and created a maximum intensity projection (MIP). The DLCO was measured using the single-breath method. Among the patients who underwent CDDR, 10 with FEV/FVC (FEV1.0%) > 70% and 16 with COPD (FEV1.0% < 70%) without noticeable interstitial changes were included, with a cutoff = 70%/predicted value. MIP was compared as a pulmonary blood flow evaluation method in the DLCO≥70% group (control group: n = 15) and the DLCO<70% group (decreased DLCO group: n = 11). The mean and median values of MIP in the reduced group were lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05).Pulmonary blood flow evaluated using CDDR may be able to assess pulmonary circulatory disturbances visually and quantitatively, as indicated by decreased pulmonary diffusion capacity in patients with negligible pulmonary interstitial changes and anaemia.
非侵入性、可视化和定量的活体肺血流评估有助于评估肺泡水平的气体交换。胸部数字动态射线照相系统 (CDDR) 具有通过与心跳同步的放射透明度的时间变化来可视化和定量表达肺血液动力学的潜力。肺扩散能力 (DLCO) 测试涉及包括肺泡膜、间质和血管壁在内的膜性因素。此外,DLCO 还包括由肺毛细血管血流和血红蛋白水平定义的肺血流因素。在缺乏肺泡间隔的个体中,间质异常或导致 DLCO 变化的贫血可能反映了肺血流的变化。在这里,我们通过将其与 DLCO 进行比较来研究 CDDR 在评估肺血流中的有用性。对于肺血流,我们提取并可视化了 CDDR 成像过程中与心率同步的肺野中的信号变化,并创建了最大强度投影 (MIP)。使用单次呼吸法测量 DLCO。在接受 CDDR 的患者中,包括 10 名 FEV/FVC(FEV1.0%)>70%和 16 名 COPD(FEV1.0%<70%)患者,没有明显的间质变化,截止值=70%/预计值。在 DLCO≥70% 组(对照组:n=15)和 DLCO<70% 组(DLCO 降低组:n=11)中比较了 MIP 作为肺血流评估方法。降低组的 MIP 平均值和中位数均低于对照组(p<0.05)。使用 CDDR 评估的肺血流可能能够可视化和定量评估肺循环障碍,这表明在没有明显肺间质变化和贫血的患者中,肺扩散能力降低。