Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Forest Engineering, Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2024;59(11):687-700. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2024.2414360. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
The addition of carbon-rich materials, such as raw feedstocks (RAW) and biochars, to agricultural soils is on the rise. This activity has many advantages, such as improving fertility, increasing water retention, and sequestering carbon. However, they can also increase the sorption of residual herbicides in the soil, reducing the effectiveness of weed control. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate soil improvement and the sorption-desorption process of diclosulam in soil unamended and amended with RAW from olive stone and their biochars produced in two pyrolysis temperatures (300 and 500 °C). Oxisol was used in this study, unamended and amended with RAW and biochars (BC300 and BC500) in a rate of 10% (w w). The sorption-desorption process was assessed by batch-equilibrium experiments and the analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The addition of the three materials to the soil increased the contents of pH, organic carbon, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, B, cation exchange capacity, base saturation and decreased H + Al. The unamended soil had (Freundlich sorption coefficient) values of diclosulam sorption and desorption of 1.56 and 12.93 mg L Kg, respectively. Unamended soil sorbed 30.60% and desorbed 13.40% of herbicide. Soil amended with RAW, BC300, and BC500 sorbed 31.92, 49.88, and 30.93% of diclosulam and desorbed 13.33, 11.67, and 11.16%, respectively. The addition of RAW and biochars from olive stone has the potential to change the soil fertility, but does not interfere with the bioavailability of diclosulam in weed control under field conditions, since the materials slightly influenced or did not alter the sorption-desorption of diclosulam.
向农业土壤中添加富碳材料，如原料（RAW）和生物炭，正变得越来越普遍。这种做法有许多优点，例如提高肥力、增加水分保持能力和固碳。然而，它们也会增加土壤中残留除草剂的吸附，从而降低杂草控制的效果。因此，本研究的目的是评估未改良和用橄榄油石原料及其在两种热解温度（300 和 500°C）下制备的生物炭改良的土壤中改善土壤和啶磺草胺的吸附-解吸过程。本研究使用原状土，未改良和用 RAW 和生物炭（BC300 和 BC500）以 10%（w w）的比例进行改良。通过批量平衡实验评估吸附-解吸过程，并使用高效液相色谱（HPLC）进行分析。向土壤中添加这三种材料增加了 pH、有机碳、P、K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Mn、Cu、B、阳离子交换容量、基础饱和度并降低了 H+Al。未改良土壤对啶磺草胺的吸附和解吸的 Freundlich 吸附系数值分别为 1.56 和 12.93mg L Kg。未改良土壤吸附了 30.60%的除草剂，解吸了 13.40%。用 RAW、BC300 和 BC500 改良的土壤分别吸附了 31.92%、49.88%和 30.93%的啶磺草胺，解吸了 13.33%、11.67%和 11.16%。橄榄油石的原料和生物炭的添加有可能改变土壤肥力，但在田间条件下不会干扰啶磺草胺在杂草控制中的生物利用度，因为这些材料对啶磺草胺的吸附-解吸影响较小或没有改变。
