6G Research and Innovation Lab, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Bioelectromagnetics. 2024 Dec;45(8):375-386. doi: 10.1002/bem.22526. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
As millimeter wave (MMW) technology, particularly in fifth-generation (5G) devices, gains prominence, there is a crucial need for comprehensive electromagnetic (EM) models of ocular tissues to understand and characterize EM exposure conditions accurately. This study employs numerical modeling to investigate the interaction between MMW and the cornea, aiming to characterize EM field distributions and absorption within an anatomically accurate eye model while considering the influence of eyelashes. Using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, we conduct simulations of EM radiation interactions from 20.0 to 100.0 GHz with a human eye model. Moreover, we analyze the temperature distribution increase within the eye model using a thermal sensor in XFdtd, employing a scheme based on the finite difference (FD) method. Our findings reveal a nonuniform distribution of the EM field, particularly intensified in corneal regions adjacent to eyelashes and eyelids. Despite similar EM field patterns, the presence or absence of eyelashes has minimal impact on temperature differences. However, the study highlights increased radiation absorption by the eyelid's epidermis at 100.0 GHz, reducing the rise in the cornea's temperature.
随着毫米波（MMW）技术，特别是在第五代（5G）设备中的应用日益普及，我们迫切需要全面的眼部组织电磁（EM）模型，以准确理解和描述 EM 暴露条件。本研究采用数值建模方法，研究了 MMW 与角膜的相互作用，旨在对眼角膜的 EM 场分布和吸收进行特征描述，同时考虑到睫毛的影响。我们使用时域有限差分（FDTD）方法，对人类眼部模型在 20.0 至 100.0GHz 范围内的 EM 辐射相互作用进行了模拟。此外，我们还在 XFdtd 中使用基于有限差分（FD）方法的热传感器来分析眼模型内的温度分布增加情况。研究结果表明，EM 场分布不均匀，特别是在靠近睫毛和眼睑的角膜区域更为明显。尽管 EM 场模式相似，但睫毛的存在与否对温度差异的影响很小。然而，研究强调了在 100.0GHz 时，眼睑表皮对辐射的吸收增加，从而降低了角膜温度的上升。
