U.O.C. Infotel, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 56100 Pisa, Italy.
DIITET Department, Institute of Electronics and Information and Telecommunications Engineering IEIIT-CNR, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 26;18(3):1073. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031073.
The recent development of millimeter-wave (mmW) technologies, such as the fifth-generation (5G) network, comes with concerns related to user exposure. A quite large number of dosimetry studies above 6 GHz have been conducted, with the main purpose being to establish the correlation between different dosimetric parameters and the skin surface temperature elevation. However, the dosimetric studies from 28 GHz user equipment using different voxel models have not been comprehensively discussed yet. In this study, we used the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for the estimation of the absorption of radiofrequency (RF) energy from a microstrip patch antenna array (28 GHz) in different human models. Specifically, we analyzed different exposure conditions simulating three real common scenarios (a phone call scenario, message writing scenario, and browsing scenario) regarding the use of smartphones/tablets by four different individuals (adult male and female, child male and female). From the results of Absorbed Power Density (Sab), it is possible to conclude that all the considered exposure scenarios comply with the safety limits, both for adult and children models. However, the high values of the local Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the superficial tissues and the slight differences in its distribution between adults and children suggest the need for further and more detailed analysis.
毫米波（mmW）技术的最新发展，如 5G 网络，引起了人们对用户暴露的关注。已经进行了相当数量的超过 6GHz 的剂量学研究，主要目的是建立不同剂量学参数与皮肤表面温度升高之间的相关性。然而，使用不同体素模型的 28GHz 用户设备的剂量学研究尚未得到全面讨论。在这项研究中，我们使用时域有限差分（FDTD）方法来估计微带贴片天线阵列（28GHz）在不同人体模型中的射频（RF）能量吸收。具体来说，我们分析了三种真实常见场景（通话场景、短信写作场景和浏览场景）下使用智能手机/平板电脑的不同暴露条件，涉及四个不同个体（成年男性和女性、儿童男性和女性）。从吸收功率密度（Sab）的结果可以得出结论，所有考虑的暴露场景都符合安全限制，无论是成人还是儿童模型。然而，在浅层组织中局部比吸收率（SAR）的高值以及成人和儿童之间其分布的细微差异表明需要进一步和更详细的分析。
