Geng Shao-Lei, Zou Ying, Bai Zhi-Yuan, Zhang Min, Wang Chong, Wang Tian-Yun
International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2025 Apr;72(2):513-527. doi: 10.1002/bab.2680. Epub 2024 Oct 14.
The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) has been widely used to produce recombinant proteins because of several advantages, such as eukaryotic post-translational modifications similar to those in mammalian cells, high expression levels and safety, and large gene capacity. Usually, insect cell culture requires 5%‒10% fetal bovine serum, which has many adverse effects, including high cost, heterogeneity between batches, complex composition, and pollution risks. Therefore, serum-free medium (SFM) is indispensable for the production of recombinant proteins in insect cell culture. Here, the most commonly used insect cell lines and three insect cell media, namely basic medium, SFM, and chemically defined medium, are summarized. The basic components of insect cell SFM are similar to those of other cells but contain special components. The components, functions, and issues of different SFM used for insect cell culture are reviewed. In recent years, some special additives have been demonstrated to increase recombinant protein expression yield and quality in BEVS, and the functions and possible mechanisms of small-molecule additives are reviewed herein. Finally, future perspectives of SFM used in BEVS for recombinant protein production are discussed.
杆状病毒表达载体系统（BEVS）因其具有多种优势而被广泛用于生产重组蛋白，这些优势包括与哺乳动物细胞相似的真核翻译后修饰、高表达水平和安全性以及大基因容量。通常，昆虫细胞培养需要5%至10%的胎牛血清，这有许多不利影响，包括成本高、批次间异质性、成分复杂和污染风险。因此，无血清培养基（SFM）对于昆虫细胞培养生产重组蛋白来说是必不可少的。在此，总结了最常用的昆虫细胞系以及三种昆虫细胞培养基，即基础培养基、SFM和化学成分限定培养基。昆虫细胞SFM的基本成分与其他细胞的相似，但含有特殊成分。综述了用于昆虫细胞培养的不同SFM的成分、功能和问题。近年来，一些特殊添加剂已被证明可提高BEVS中重组蛋白的表达产量和质量，本文综述了小分子添加剂的功能及可能机制。最后，讨论了BEVS中用于重组蛋白生产的SFM的未来前景。
