Carola Valeria, Vincenzo Cristina, Di Vincenzo Giulia, Morale Chiara, Cecchi Valentina, Nicolais Giampaolo
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2024 Sep 30;15:1419731. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1419731. eCollection 2024.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of death worldwide, emerging from a combination of several factors. The aim of this review is to define the psychological factors that are significant in the development and progression of these disorders.
Studies published through 2023 concerning adults with psychological vulnerability factors and/or cardiovascular disease were selected through searches of PubMed, PsychINFO, Science Direct, and Google Scholar.
Psychological stress may influence CVD, in combination with other risk factors, or it can act independently, as in cases of workplace stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, Takotsubo syndrome and bereavement. Coping strategies, anxiety and depression have also been identified as relevant psychological factors in cardiac patients. Adverse childhood experiences are linked to a reduced quality of life and have been identified as significant risk factors for the development of acquired CVDs.
This review demonstrates that several psychological factors affect cardiovascular function. An in-depth study of the psychological correlates of CVDs would allow healthcare professionals to design more effective prevention and intervention programs.
心血管疾病（CVDs）是全球主要的死亡原因，由多种因素共同作用导致。本综述的目的是确定在这些疾病的发生和发展中起重要作用的心理因素。
通过检索PubMed、PsychINFO、ScienceDirect和谷歌学术，选取了2023年之前发表的有关具有心理脆弱因素和/或心血管疾病的成年人的研究。
心理压力可能与其他风险因素共同影响心血管疾病，也可能独立起作用，如工作场所压力、创伤后应激障碍、应激性心肌病和丧亲之痛等情况。应对策略、焦虑和抑郁也被确定为心脏病患者的相关心理因素。童年不良经历与生活质量下降有关，并已被确定为后天性心血管疾病发生的重要风险因素。
本综述表明，多种心理因素会影响心血管功能。对心血管疾病的心理相关性进行深入研究，将使医疗保健专业人员能够设计出更有效的预防和干预方案。
