Levin Stephen M, Lowell de Solórzano Susan
Ezekiel Biomechanics Group, McLean, VA, United States.
Front Physiol. 2024 Sep 30;15:1432410. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1432410. eCollection 2024.
Recognizing that conventional understanding of animal and human locomotion is based on a dated and reductionist machine modeling of organisms, we set out to create a theory of locomotion by reasoning from first principles. We center on the constraints necessitated by 1) the 2nd law of thermodynamics, 2) the theory of evolution, 3) a systems science view of organisms, and 4) the laws of motion, but we also look for compatibility these constraints might find in emerging areas of scientific inquiry (ecological psychology, processual biology, soft matter, biotensegrity), and in the wisdom embedded in various movement traditions and ancient philosophy. Applying and synthesizing these, we propose an updated "bouncing bones" (BB) model for walking and running, which corresponds with maximum efficiency and conservation of energy.
认识到传统上对动物和人类运动的理解是基于过时的、还原论的生物体机器模型，我们着手从第一原理进行推理，以创建一种运动理论。我们聚焦于由以下因素所必需的限制条件：1）热力学第二定律，2）进化论，3）生物体的系统科学观，以及4）运动定律，但我们也在科学探究的新兴领域（生态心理学、过程生物学、软物质、生物紧张性结构）以及各种运动传统和古代哲学所蕴含的智慧中寻找这些限制条件可能存在的兼容性。应用并综合这些因素，我们提出了一种更新的“弹跳骨骼”（BB）行走和跑步模型，该模型与最大效率和能量守恒相一致。
