Gao Shajing, Gong Yiwei, Xu Cenglin, Chen Zhong
Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Epilepsia Open. 2024 Dec;9(6):2112-2127. doi: 10.1002/epi4.13064. Epub 2024 Oct 15.
Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disease that impacts around 70 million individuals globally. Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are the first choice for clinicians to control unprovoked epileptic seizures. Although more than 30 ASMs are available in the market, patients with epilepsy (PWEs) still show poor responses to adequate drug treatment. Meanwhile, long-term medications not only bring heavy financial burdens but also lead to undesirable side effects. Music, a ubiquitous art form throughout human history, has been confirmed as therapeutically effective in various neurological conditions, including epilepsy. This alternative therapy offers convenience and a relatively safe approach to alleviating epileptic symptoms. Paradoxically, besides anti-convulsant effect, some particular music would cause seizures inversely, indicating the pro-convulsant effect of it. Considering that investigating the impact of music on epilepsy emerges as a compelling subject. In this review, we tried to present the following sections of content on this topic. Initially, we overviewed the impact of music on the brain and the significant progress of music therapy in central neurological disorders. Afterward, we classified the anti-convulsant and pro-convulsant effects of music in epilepsy, relying on both clinical and laboratory evidences. Finally, possible mechanisms and neural basis of the music effect were concluded, and the translational potentials and some future outlooks about the music effect in epilepsy were proposed. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Epilepsy is an extremely severe neurological disorder. Although anti-seizure medications are preferred choice to control seizures, the efficacy is not satisfied due to the tolerance. Anecdotal music effect had been deemed functional diversity but not clarified on epilepsy, pro-convulsive, or anti-convulsive. Here, we reviewed this interesting but puzzling topic, as well as illustrating the potential mechanisms and its translational potential.
癫痫是一种常见的神经系统疾病，全球约有7000万人受其影响。抗癫痫药物（ASMs）是临床医生控制特发性癫痫发作的首选。尽管市场上有30多种抗癫痫药物，但癫痫患者（PWEs）对充分的药物治疗仍反应不佳。与此同时，长期用药不仅带来沉重的经济负担，还会导致不良副作用。音乐是人类历史上一种无处不在的艺术形式，已被证实对包括癫痫在内的各种神经系统疾病具有治疗效果。这种替代疗法为缓解癫痫症状提供了便利且相对安全的方法。矛盾的是，除了抗惊厥作用外，一些特定的音乐会反而引发癫痫发作，表明其具有惊厥促进作用。鉴于研究音乐对癫痫的影响成为一个引人关注的课题。在这篇综述中，我们试图呈现关于这个主题的以下几部分内容。首先，我们概述了音乐对大脑的影响以及音乐疗法在中枢神经系统疾病中的重大进展。之后，我们依据临床和实验室证据，对音乐在癫痫中的抗惊厥和惊厥促进作用进行了分类。最后，总结了音乐作用的可能机制和神经基础，并提出了音乐对癫痫作用的转化潜力和一些未来展望。
癫痫是一种极其严重的神经系统疾病。尽管抗癫痫药物是控制癫痫发作的首选，但由于耐受性，疗效并不令人满意。传闻中的音乐作用被认为具有功能多样性，但在癫痫、惊厥促进或抗惊厥方面尚未明确。在此，我们回顾了这个有趣但令人困惑的主题，并阐述了其潜在机制及其转化潜力。
