Department of Energy and Fuels, School of Mining and Energy Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28003, Spain.
Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2024 Oct 15;113(5):54. doi: 10.1007/s00128-024-03964-0.
In this study, a total of 180 surface soil samples were collected from a control area and residential, commercial, and industrial regions of Hamedan, Iran during the fall season in 2023. Contents of analyzed elements were then determined using ICP-OES. The results illustrated that the average contents of As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pb were 1.17-2.26 times greater than those reported as local background values, while the mean contents of As, Cd, and Cu were respectively 3.41, 1.25, and 1.00 times greater than the background contents for Iran by implying the possible human sources of these PTEs. The cumulative average ecological risk value with 81.9, demonstrated moderate ecological risk across the study area. The results of source apportionment showed that the PTEs contamination in the soil of the study area mainly originates from the anthropogenic activities (65.6%) and traffic emissions as the primary pollution source (47.3%) had the highest contribution to the PTE pollution in the study area. In conclusion, by providing a useful approach to identifying the sources and contributions of toxic elements across different functional areas, this study has the potential to guide future efforts aimed at managing and mitigating the pollution caused by metal elements.
在这项研究中，我们于 2023 年秋季在伊朗哈马丹的对照区以及居民区、商业区和工业区共采集了 180 个表层土壤样本。随后使用 ICP-OES 对所分析元素的含量进行了测定。结果表明，与当地背景值相比，砷、镉、铜、锰、镍和铅的平均含量分别高出 1.17-2.26 倍，而砷、镉和铜的平均含量则分别高出伊朗背景值的 3.41、1.25 和 1.00 倍，表明这些 PTE 可能具有人为来源。研究区的综合平均生态风险值为 81.9，表明存在中度生态风险。来源分配的结果表明，研究区土壤中 PTE 的污染主要来自人为活动（65.6%），而交通排放作为主要污染源（47.3%）对研究区 PTE 污染的贡献最大。总之，本研究通过提供一种识别不同功能区有毒元素来源和贡献的有用方法，有望为未来管理和减轻金属元素污染的工作提供指导。
