Surgical management of basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland: A case report and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE

Basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare, benign tumor of the salivary gland. It has distinct histologic features that are different from mixed tumors of the salivary gland. Often times, it occurs in the parotid gland. Usually it appears as a hard, slowly growing, asymptomatic lump that may exist for years prior to treatment. Pathologically, BCA tumors demonstrate a monomorphic basaloid cell population devoid of myxochondroid components. This rather uncommon tumor's clinical appearance, pathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, and available treatments have been briefly described.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 52-year-old female patient presented with a longstanding, gradual facial asymmetry that resulted from a mass of parotid region. She had no other symptoms. Radiology and cytology test results were suggestive of a benign salivary gland tumor of the parotid gland. A superficial parotidectomy was successfully done with a preservation of the facial nerve. Histopathology reported concluded the diagnosis of BCA trabecular subtype. During the 12-month follow-up period, the tumor did not recur, and there was no postoperative impairment of the facial nerve.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION

Imaging studies, including CT scans and MRI, are helpful in determining the tumor's size, location, and relationship to adjacent structures. The definitive diagnosis is achieved through histopathology. This clinically asymptomatic mass requires early recognition, a prompt therapeutic intervention and long-term follow-up.

CONCLUSION

As clinicians, it is critical that we have a thorough understanding of clinicopathology in terms of clinical presentation, pathology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this rare tumor.