Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 15;14(1):24103. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75158-x.
Self-rated health is a common assessment used in epidemiological research and an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality. We investigate if a single measure of self-rated health in late adolescence predict mortality between 46 and 70 years of age. This study was based on 47 286 Swedish men that conscribed 1969-1970 at age 18-20 and that were still alive in 1997. Self-rated health and data on potential explanatory factors (psychological factors, health status markers and health behaviors) were collected at conscription. Adult socioeconomic position in 1990 was derived from registries. Death and cause of death (cancer, cardiovascular disease, violent and alcohol abuse related disorders) were derived from the Causes of Death Register between 1997 and 2019. Conscripts that rated their health as fair or poor/very poor had significantly higher hazard of all-cause mortality than conscript that rated their health as very good (HR = 1.27, 95%CI:1.18-1.37 and HR = 1.25, 95%CI:1.11-1.41) and disease-specific mortality. Adjusting for all explanatory factors attenuated the risk estimates by 9-100%. In conclusion, poor self-rated health reported in late adolescence predicts all-cause and disease-specific mortality between the ages of 46 and 70 years. Psychological factors and health behaviors measured at conscription may serve as potential explanatory factors underlying the predictive ability of self-rated health in late adolescence.
自评健康是流行病学研究中常用的评估方法，也是发病率和死亡率的独立预测因素。我们研究了青少年晚期的单一自评健康测量是否能预测 46 至 70 岁之间的死亡率。这项研究基于 1969 年至 1970 年 18 至 20 岁入伍的 47286 名瑞典男性，他们在 1997 年仍然存活。入伍时收集了自评健康和潜在解释因素（心理因素、健康状况指标和健康行为）的数据。1990 年的成人社会经济地位来自登记册。死亡和死因（癌症、心血管疾病、暴力和酒精滥用相关疾病）是从 1997 年至 2019 年的死因登记册中获得的。自评健康为一般或较差/非常差的应征者的全因死亡率明显高于自评健康为非常好的应征者（HR=1.27，95%CI：1.18-1.37 和 HR=1.25，95%CI：1.11-1.41）和特定疾病死亡率。调整所有解释因素后，风险估计值降低了 9%至 100%。总之，青少年晚期报告的自评健康状况不佳预测了 46 至 70 岁之间的全因和特定疾病死亡率。入伍时测量的心理因素和健康行为可能是青少年晚期自评健康预测能力的潜在解释因素。
