Usman Jesse Enebi, Morley Alexandra, Childs Charmaine, Rogerson David, Klonizakis Markos
Lifestyle Exercise and Nutrition Improvement (LENI) Research Group, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.
College of Health, Wellbeing and Life Sciences, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Oct 2;12(19):1969. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12191969.
People of African Descent (PoAD) in the United Kingdom (UK) are at an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD), partly due to dietary habits such as high salt intake. This study sought to understand the dietary salt-related knowledge, attitudes, and practises (KAP) of PoAD in the UK, to inform the development of culturally tailored interventions to reduce dietary salt intake in this population. We collected data on KAP from 21 PoAD across various regions in the UK through online semi-structured interviews and analysed them using reflexive thematic analysis (TA). The age of the participants ranged from 20 to 70 years (43 ± 11). Six overarching themes were identified: (i) the multifaceted roles of salt in culinary practises, (ii) the increased awareness of health risks associated with high salt intake, (iii) the existence of knowledge gaps regarding recommended daily salt intake, (iv) the cultural influences on salt consumption levels, (v) the lack of engagement with food labels, and (vi) a limited awareness of salt reduction initiatives. Our findings highlight the significance of salt in the culture and culinary practises of PoAD. Despite general awareness of the health risks of excessive salt consumption, there was a notable deficiency in knowledge about the recommended salt intake levels as well as minimal engagement with nutritional labelling. These findings underline a need for culturally sensitive health interventions that integrate culinary practises, beliefs, and preferences of PoAD, aiming to effectively reduce salt intake and mitigate associated health risks.
在英国，非洲裔人群患高血压和心血管疾病的风险增加，部分原因是高盐摄入等饮食习惯。本研究旨在了解英国非洲裔人群与饮食盐相关的知识、态度和行为，为制定针对该人群的文化定制干预措施提供依据，以减少饮食盐摄入量。我们通过在线半结构化访谈收集了来自英国不同地区21名非洲裔人群的知识、态度和行为数据，并使用反思性主题分析法进行分析。参与者的年龄在20至70岁之间（43±11）。确定了六个总体主题：（i）盐在烹饪实践中的多方面作用，（ii）对高盐摄入相关健康风险的认识增加，（iii）关于每日推荐盐摄入量存在知识差距，（iv）文化对盐消费水平的影响，（v）对食品标签的关注度不足，以及（vi）对减盐倡议的认识有限。我们的研究结果凸显了盐在非洲裔人群文化和烹饪实践中的重要性。尽管人们普遍意识到过量摄入盐的健康风险，但在推荐盐摄入量的知识方面存在明显不足，对营养标签的关注度也很低。这些发现强调了需要开展具有文化敏感性的健康干预措施，将非洲裔人群的烹饪实践、信仰和偏好纳入其中，旨在有效减少盐摄入量并降低相关健康风险。
