Abteilung für Molekulare Genetik, Institut für Mikrobiologie und Genetik, Göttinger Zentrum für Molekulare Biowissenschaften (GZMB), Georg-August Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 24;25(19):10241. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910241.
Cell survival depends on precise gene expression, which is controlled sequentially. The guard proteins surveil mRNAs from their synthesis in the nucleus to their translation in the cytoplasm. Although the proteins within this group share many similarities, they play distinct roles in controlling nuclear mRNA maturation and cytoplasmic translation by supporting the degradation of faulty transcripts. Notably, this group is continuously expanding, currently including the RNA-binding proteins Npl3, Gbp2, Hrb1, Hrp1, and Nab2 in . Some of the human serine-arginine (SR) splicing factors (SRSFs) show remarkable similarities to the yeast guard proteins and may be considered as functional homologues. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of their crucial mRNA surveillance functions and their implications for cellular health.
细胞的存活依赖于精确的基因表达，而基因表达是按顺序进行控制的。守护蛋白从核内 mRNA 的合成到细胞质中的翻译对其进行监控。虽然这个蛋白质组中的成员有许多相似之处，但它们在控制核 mRNA 成熟和细胞质翻译方面发挥着不同的作用，通过支持错误转录本的降解来实现。值得注意的是，这个蛋白质组在不断扩大，目前包括. 中的 RNA 结合蛋白 Npl3、Gbp2、Hrb1、Hrp1 和 Nab2。人类丝氨酸/精氨酸（SR）剪接因子（SRSFs）中的一些与酵母守护蛋白具有显著的相似性，可被视为功能同源物。在这里，我们提供了它们在 mRNA 监控功能方面的全面总结，以及它们对细胞健康的影响。
