Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 28;25(19):10474. doi: 10.3390/ijms251910474.
Chronic wounds pose a significant challenge to healthcare. Stemming from impaired wound healing, the consequences can be severe, ranging from amputation to mortality. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted impact of chronic wounds in medicine and the roles that diet and nutritional pathologies play in the wound-healing process. It has been well established that an adequate diet is crucial to proper wound healing. Nutrients such as vitamin D, zinc, and amino acids play significant roles in cellular regeneration, immune functioning, and collagen synthesis and processing. Additionally, this review discusses how patients with chronic conditions like diabetes, obesity, and nutritional deficiencies result in the formation of chronic wounds. By integrating current research findings, this review highlights the significant impact of the genetic make-up of an individual on the risk of developing chronic wounds and the necessity for adequate personalized dietary interventions. Addressing the nutritional needs of individuals, especially those with chronic conditions, is essential for improving wound outcomes and overall patient care. With new developments in the field of genomics, there are unprecedented opportunities to develop targeted interventions that can precisely address the unique metabolic needs of individuals suffering from chronic wounds, thereby enhancing treatment effectiveness and patient outcomes.
慢性伤口对医疗保健构成重大挑战。这些伤口源于伤口愈合受损，其后果可能很严重，从截肢到死亡不等。本综述探讨了慢性伤口在医学中的多方面影响，以及饮食和营养病理学在伤口愈合过程中所起的作用。已经证实，适当的饮食对于伤口愈合至关重要。维生素 D、锌和氨基酸等营养素在细胞再生、免疫功能以及胶原蛋白的合成和处理中发挥着重要作用。此外，本综述还讨论了糖尿病、肥胖和营养缺乏等慢性疾病患者如何导致慢性伤口的形成。通过整合当前的研究结果，本综述强调了个体的遗传构成对慢性伤口风险的重要影响，以及进行适当个性化饮食干预的必要性。满足个体的营养需求，特别是那些患有慢性疾病的患者，对于改善伤口预后和整体患者护理至关重要。随着基因组学领域的新发展，有前所未有的机会开发靶向干预措施，以精确满足患有慢性伤口的个体的独特代谢需求，从而提高治疗效果和患者预后。
