Nurcholis Waras, Rahmadansah Rahmadansah, Astuti Puji, Priosoeryanto Bambang Pontjo, Arianti Rini, Kristóf Endre
Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, IPB University, Bogor 16151, Indonesia.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Sep 25;13(19):2682. doi: 10.3390/plants13192682.
The application of shade during plants' growth significantly alters the biochemical compounds of the essential oil (EO). We aimed to analyze the effect of shade on the volatile compounds and biochemical activities of EO extracted from Roxb. () plants. Four shading conditions were applied: no shading (S0), 25% (S25), 50% (S50), and 75% shade (S75). The volatile compounds of EO extracted from each shaded plant were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiproliferative activities of EO were also investigated. We found that shade application significantly reduced the EO yield but increased its aroma and bioactive compound concentration. α-curcumene, xanthorrhizol, α-cedrene, epicurzerenone, and germacrone were found in EO extracted from all conditions. However, β-bisabolol, curzerene, curcuphenol, and γ-himachalene were only detected in the EO of S75 plants. The EO of the shaded plants also showed higher antioxidant activity as compared to unshaded ones. In addition, the EO extracted from S75 exerted higher antiproliferative activity on HeLa cells as compared to S0. The EO extracted from S0 and S25 showed higher antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria than kanamycin. Our results suggest that shade applications alter the composition of the extractable volatile compounds in which may result in beneficial changes in the biochemical activity of the EO.
在植物生长过程中遮荫的应用会显著改变精油（EO）的生化成分。我们旨在分析遮荫对从罗勒（Ocimum basilicum L.）植物中提取的精油挥发性成分和生化活性的影响。设置了四种遮荫条件：无遮荫（S0）、25%遮荫（S25）、50%遮荫（S50）和75%遮荫（S75）。通过气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪分析从每种遮荫处理的植物中提取的精油挥发性成分。还研究了精油的抗氧化、抗菌和抗增殖活性。我们发现，遮荫显著降低了精油产量，但增加了其香气和生物活性化合物浓度。在从所有处理条件下提取的精油中均发现了α - 姜黄烯、姜黄醇、α - 雪松烯、表莪术酮和莪术二酮。然而，仅在75%遮荫处理（S75）的植物精油中检测到了β - 红没药醇、莪术烯、莪术酚和γ - 喜马拉雅烯。与未遮荫的植物相比，遮荫处理植物的精油还表现出更高的抗氧化活性。此外，与S0相比，从S75提取的精油对HeLa细胞具有更高的抗增殖活性。从S0和S25提取的精油对革兰氏阳性菌的抗菌活性高于卡那霉素。我们的结果表明，遮荫应用改变了可提取挥发性化合物的组成，这可能导致精油生化活性发生有益变化。
