Camel Vladimir, Quispe-Huañahue July, Felix Edwin, Ninanya-Parra Zulema, Mendoza Yngrid, Peralta-Yalta Sebastian, Pillpa Freddy, Cabello-Torres Rita
Grupo de Investigación en Ecofisiología Vegetal y Restauración de Ecosistemas Degradados, Escuela de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Lima 15434, Peru.
Programa de Fisiología Vegetal y Cambio Climático, Asociación ANDINUS, Calle Miguel Grau 370, Sicaya 12500, Peru.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Sep 25;13(19):2683. doi: 10.3390/plants13192683.
Land degradation and the effects of climate change are increasing arid lands, accelerating desertification, and leading to the loss of ecosystem services worldwide. This research focused on evaluating how human impact and environmental factors affect the development of in its natural habitat of coastal lomas. The study was carried out in the coastal lomas of Mangomarca-Peru, where phenotypic and ecological data on the plants were collected. Information was also gathered on human impacts on the nutritional characteristics of the soils. Then, five types of organic amendments were used to improve the physical and chemical characteristics of the degraded soil, and the development and photosynthetic activity of were evaluated. As a result, under the study conditions, it was found that was established approximately 33.74 cm from the rocks, in a range of 300 to 650 m asl. The maximum height of the plants was 90 cm, with a stem diameter at ground level of 2 cm. produced fruits between January and July, with a seed germination rate of 36% in 25 days. On the other hand, the anthropogenic impact on the soil reduced 58% of organic material (OM), 71% of nitrogen, 40% of PO, and 13% of KO and increased the concentration of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, pH, and electric conductivity (EC). The organic amendments bokashi, compost, and biochar, when mixed with the degraded soil, increased the pH, OM, N, P, and EC; however, the plants died after 25 days. On the other hand, the application of the Premix5 substrate for 100 days favored the growth of 52.84 cm and 38.29 cm in the preserved soil and 23.21 cm in the black soil mixed with blond peat, and it should be noted that the substrates presented an acid pH and EC > 0.1. Regarding photosynthetic phenotyping, plants grown in their natural habitat and in Premix5 showed a higher proton flux (vH+), linear electron flow (LEF), and maximum quantum yield (Fv'/Fm'). On the contrary, they showed a lower NPQt value than plants grown in preserved and black soil mixed with blond peat.
土地退化和气候变化的影响正在增加干旱地区，加速荒漠化，并导致全球生态系统服务的丧失。本研究重点评估人类影响和环境因素如何影响其沿海洛马斯自然栖息地的 的发育。该研究在秘鲁曼戈马尔卡的沿海洛马斯进行，收集了有关这些植物的表型和生态数据。还收集了关于人类对土壤营养特性影响的信息。然后，使用五种有机改良剂来改善退化土壤的物理和化学特性，并评估 的发育和光合活性。结果发现，在研究条件下， 在距岩石约33.74厘米处生长，海拔范围为300至650米。这些植物的最大高度为90厘米，地面茎直径为2厘米。 在1月至7月间结果，种子在25天内的发芽率为36%。另一方面，人为对土壤的影响使有机物质（OM）减少了58%，氮减少了71%，磷减少了40%，钾减少了13%，并增加了氧化镁、氧化钙、pH值和电导率（EC）的浓度。有机改良剂米糠、堆肥和生物炭与退化土壤混合后，提高了pH值、OM、氮、磷和EC；然而，这些植物在25天后死亡。另一方面，Premix5基质施用100天有利于在原状土壤中生长52.84厘米和38.29厘米，在与金发泥炭混合的黑土中生长23.21厘米，值得注意的是，这些基质呈现酸性pH值且EC>0.1。关于光合表型，在其自然栖息地和Premix5中生长的 植物显示出较高的质子通量（vH+）、线性电子流（LEF）和最大量子产率（Fv'/Fm'）。相反，它们的NPQt值低于在原状土壤和与金发泥炭混合的黑土中生长的植物。
