Bocianowski Jan, Starosta Ewa, Jamruszka Tomasz, Szwarc Justyna, Jędryczka Małgorzata, Grynia Magdalena, Niemann Janetta
Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-627 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Sep 27;13(19):2710. doi: 10.3390/plants13192710.
Selection is a fundamental part of the plant breeding process, enabling the identification and development of varieties with desirable traits. Thanks to advances in genetics and biotechnology, the selection process has become more precise and efficient, resulting in faster breeding progress and better adaptation of crops to environmental challenges. Genetic parameters related to gene additivity and epistasis play a key role and can influence decisions on the suitability of breeding material. In this study, 188 rapeseed doubled haploid lines were assessed in field conditions for resistance to spp. Through next-generation sequencing, a total of 133,764 molecular markers (96,121 SilicoDArT and 37,643 SNP) were obtained. The similarity of the DH lines at the phenotypic and genetic levels was calculated. The results indicate that the similarity at the phenotypic level was markedly different from the similarity at the genetic level. Genetic parameters related to additive gene action effects and epistasis (double and triple) were calculated using two methods: based on phenotypic observations only and using molecular marker observations. All evaluated genetic parameters (additive, additive-additive and additive-additive-additive) were statistically significant for both estimation methods. The parameters associated with the interaction (double and triple) had opposite signs depending on the estimation method.
选择是植物育种过程的基本组成部分，能够识别和培育具有理想性状的品种。由于遗传学和生物技术的进步，选择过程变得更加精确和高效，从而加快了育种进程，使作物能更好地适应环境挑战。与基因加性和上位性相关的遗传参数起着关键作用，会影响育种材料适用性的决策。在本研究中，在田间条件下对188个油菜双单倍体系进行了对 spp. 的抗性评估。通过下一代测序，共获得了133,764个分子标记（96,121个SilicoDArT标记和37,643个SNP标记）。计算了双单倍体系在表型和遗传水平上的相似性。结果表明，表型水平的相似性与遗传水平的相似性明显不同。使用两种方法计算了与加性基因作用效应和上位性（双基因和三基因）相关的遗传参数：仅基于表型观察以及使用分子标记观察。对于两种估计方法，所有评估的遗传参数（加性、加性-加性和加性-加性-加性）均具有统计学意义。与互作（双基因和三基因）相关的参数根据估计方法具有相反的符号。
