Su Da, Jiang Yunfei, Song Biao, Wu Zhaozheng, Yan Xiaojun, He Zhiyuan, Ye Delian, Ou Jie, Zeng Yingzhe, Wu Liangquan
Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Oct 1;13(19):2757. doi: 10.3390/plants13192757.
The excessive use of chemical fertilizers in the Guanxi honey pomelo production area has led to severe soil acidification and magnesium (Mg) deficiency, adversely affecting pomelo fruit quality. To address this issue, an integrated nutrient optimization model crucial for ensuring the sustainable and environmentally friendly development of the Guanxi honey pomelo industry has been explored. In a three-year experiment, two fertilizer treatments were implemented: a farmer fertilizer practice (FP) and an NPK reduction plus foliar Mg fertilizer (OPT + fMg). We investigated the impact of this integrated optimized fertilization measure on pomelo fruit quality from three aspects: flavor (sugars and organic acids), nutrition (vitamin C and mineral elements), and antioxidant properties (phenolics, flavonoids, and phytic acid). The results revealed that the OPT + fMg treatment improved fruit flavor by reducing acidity (titratable acid, citric acid, and quinine), while having a minimal impact on sugar components (sucrose, fructose, and glucose). Additionally, the OPT + fMg treatment increased the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and phytic acid in the fruit peel, enhancing its potential antioxidant quality. However, the OPT + fMg treatment reduced the mineral nutrient quality (excluding calcium) in the fruit. As for the fruit developmental period, the OPT + fMg treatment significantly increased the total flavonoid concentration in the peel from the mid-expansion fruit stage, followed by notable increases in phytic acid in the peel during the mid-to-late expansion fruit stage. The total phenolic concentration in the peel significantly rose only during the late fruit development stage. The most pronounced effect was observed on phytic acid in both peel and pulp. The influence of the OPT + fMg treatment on the mineral nutrients (excluding calcium) primarily occurred during the mid-to-late expansion fruit stage. Overall, the OPT + fMg treatment significantly improved the comprehensive nutritional quality of pomelo fruit, providing valuable insights for scientifically reducing fertilizer application while enhancing fruit quality.
广西蜜柚产区化肥的过度使用导致了严重的土壤酸化和镁（Mg）缺乏，对蜜柚果实品质产生了不利影响。为解决这一问题，探索了一种对确保广西蜜柚产业可持续和环境友好发展至关重要的综合养分优化模型。在一项为期三年的试验中，实施了两种施肥处理：农民常规施肥（FP）和减施氮磷钾并叶面喷施镁肥（OPT + fMg）。我们从三个方面研究了这种综合优化施肥措施对蜜柚果实品质的影响：风味（糖和有机酸）、营养（维生素C和矿质元素）以及抗氧化特性（酚类、黄酮类和植酸）。结果表明，OPT + fMg处理通过降低酸度（可滴定酸、柠檬酸和奎宁酸）改善了果实风味，而对糖成分（蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖）的影响最小。此外，OPT + fMg处理增加了果皮中的总酚、总黄酮和植酸，提高了其潜在的抗氧化品质。然而，OPT + fMg处理降低了果实中的矿质营养品质（钙除外）。至于果实发育阶段，OPT + fMg处理从果实膨大中期显著提高了果皮中的总黄酮浓度，随后在果实膨大中后期果皮中的植酸显著增加。果皮中的总酚浓度仅在果实发育后期显著上升。在果皮和果肉中的植酸上观察到最显著的效果。OPT + fMg处理对矿质营养（钙除外）的影响主要发生在果实膨大中后期。总体而言，OPT + fMg处理显著提高了蜜柚果实的综合营养品质，为科学减少化肥施用量同时提高果实品质提供了有价值的见解。
