Xu Peizhou, Qin Yuhe, Ma Maosen, Liu Tengfei, Ruan Fenhua, Xue Le, Cao Jiying, Xiao Guizong, Chen Yun, Fu Hongyan, Zhou Gege, Xie Yonghua, Xia Duo
State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Research and Development, Luzhou Taifeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Oct 1;15:1476829. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1476829. eCollection 2024.
Crop resistance to herbicides is crucial for agricultural productivity and sustainability amidst escalating challenges of weed resistance. Uncovering herbicide resistant genes is particularly important for rice production. In this study, we tested the resistance to three commonly used herbicides: glufosinate, glyphosate and mesotrione of 421 diverse rice cultivars and employed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to unravel the genetic underpinnings of resistance to these three herbicides in rice. We discovered that cultivated rice exhibited rich variation in resistance to the three herbicides, and the differences among subpopulations were significant. Six identified associations harboring candidate genes for resistance to these herbicides were significant. Among them, and were the major QTL for resistance to glufosinate and glyphosate, respectively. The favorable alleles of and were primarily present in cultivars that originated from Europe, highlighting the geographic and genetic diversity of herbicide resistance and emphasizing the localized selection pressures in European rice varieties. Moreover, our findings might suggest that traditional target genes may not contain tolerant alleles in nature, and alternative mechanisms with novel loci associated with resistance may work. By mapping the genes for herbicide resistance, our results may help develop new strategies to combat the dual challenges on effective weed management and herbicide sustainability.
在杂草抗性挑战不断升级的情况下，作物对除草剂的抗性对于农业生产力和可持续性至关重要。发现抗除草剂基因对水稻生产尤为重要。在本研究中，我们测试了421个不同水稻品种对三种常用除草剂（草铵膦、草甘膦和甲基磺草酮）的抗性，并采用全基因组关联研究（GWAS）来揭示水稻对这三种除草剂抗性的遗传基础。我们发现栽培稻对这三种除草剂的抗性表现出丰富的变异，亚群间差异显著。鉴定出的六个含有这些除草剂抗性候选基因的关联显著。其中，[具体基因1]和[具体基因2]分别是抗草铵膦和草甘膦的主要QTL。[具体基因1]和[具体基因2]的有利等位基因主要存在于源自欧洲的品种中，突出了除草剂抗性的地理和遗传多样性，并强调了欧洲水稻品种中的局部选择压力。此外，我们的研究结果可能表明，传统靶基因在自然界中可能不包含耐受等位基因，与抗性相关的新位点的替代机制可能起作用。通过绘制除草剂抗性基因图谱，我们的结果可能有助于制定新策略，以应对有效杂草管理和除草剂可持续性方面的双重挑战。
