Goethe University Frankfurt, University Medicine, Institute of Medical Informatics, Germany.
Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute of General Practice, Germany.
Int J Med Inform. 2024 Dec;192:105651. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105651. Epub 2024 Oct 11.
General practitioners play a unique key role in diagnosing patients with unclear diseases. Decision support systems in primary care can assist with diagnosis provided that they are efficient and user-friendly.
The objective of this study is to develop a high-fidelity prototype of the user interface of a clinical decision support system for primary care, particularly for diagnosis support in unclear diseases, using expert inspections at an early stage of development to ensure a high level of usability.
The user interface prototype was iteratively developed based on previous research, design principles, and usability guidelines. During the development phase, three usability inspections were carried out by all experts at four-week intervals as heuristic walkthrough. Each inspection consisted of two parts: 1) Task-based inspection 2) Free exploration and evaluation based on usability heuristics. Five domain experts assessed the current status of development. The tasks in the inspections were based on the task model derived in the requirements analysis: perform data entry, review and discuss results, schedule further diagnostics, refer to specialists and close case.
As a result of this iterative development, a high-fidelity, clickable user interface prototype was created that is able to fulfil all six tasks of our task model. The usability inspections identified a total of 196 usability issues (for all 3 inspections; Part 1: 90 issues, Part 2: 106 issues), ranging in severity from minor to severe. These served the continuous adjustment and improvement of the prototype. All main tasks were completed successfully despite these problems.
Usability inspections through heuristic walkthroughs can support and optimise the development of a user-centred decision support system in order to ensure its suitability for performing relevant tasks.
全科医生在诊断不明疾病的患者方面发挥着独特的关键作用。只要决策支持系统在初级保健中是高效且用户友好的，它们就能帮助进行诊断。
本研究的目的是使用早期开发阶段的专家检查来开发一种用于初级保健的临床决策支持系统的用户界面高保真原型，特别是用于支持诊断不明疾病，以确保高度的可用性。
根据先前的研究、设计原则和可用性指南，迭代开发用户界面原型。在开发阶段，所有专家每隔四周进行三次可用性检查，作为启发式遍历。每次检查包括两部分：1）基于任务的检查，2）基于可用性启发式的自由探索和评估。五位领域专家评估了当前的开发状态。检查中的任务基于需求分析中得出的任务模型：执行数据输入、审查和讨论结果、安排进一步的诊断、转介给专家和关闭病例。
通过这种迭代开发，创建了一个高保真、可点击的用户界面原型，能够完成我们任务模型的所有六个任务。可用性检查共确定了 196 个可用性问题（所有 3 次检查；第 1 部分：90 个问题，第 2 部分：106 个问题），严重程度从轻微到严重不等。这些问题用于不断调整和改进原型。尽管存在这些问题，但所有主要任务都成功完成。
通过启发式遍历进行可用性检查可以支持和优化以用户为中心的决策支持系统的开发，以确保其适合执行相关任务。
