Li Guowei, Yang Rongyuan, Chen Rui, Zhong Yuejia, Huang Manhua
Guowei Li, Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
Rongyuan Yang, Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
Pak J Med Sci. 2024 Oct;40(9):2056-2062. doi: 10.12669/pjms.40.9.8470.
To compare the epidemic trends of different types of influenza viruses and the clinical characteristics of patients, so as to provide reference for influenza prevention and control.
This was descriptive research. The human monitoring data collected from the Influenza Research Database (IRD) from 2006 to 2016 were used to descriptively analyze the distribution of influenza viruses in terms of time, geography, gender and age. The positive samples were divided into three groups based on the type of pathogen (H1N1 influenza A viruses, H3N2 influenza A viruses, and influenza B viruses). Compared and analyzed the distribution and clinical characteristics among groups.
There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates among different countries ( 0.001). The proportion of positive samples gradually decreased with age. The proportion of oseltamivir resistance was significantly higher in H1N1-positive patients compared with that in H3N2-positive patients ( 0.001). Significant differences were observed in the vaccination status among H1N1, H3N2 and influenza B viruses ( 0.001). Cough was common in all cases with H1N1, H3N2 and influenza B infections, while cough, fever and running nose occurred more frequently in influenza B-positive cases than those of H1N1-positive and H3N2-positive cases ( 0.001).
People aged 0-18 years are the major susceptible population to influenza, and H1N1 influenza viruses are the main pathogens of infection in this population, with major clinical manifestations of fever, cough and headache. The findings in this study highlight the necessity to strengthen the protection for this age group in clinical practice.
比较不同类型流感病毒的流行趋势及患者的临床特征，为流感防控提供参考。
本研究为描述性研究。利用2006年至2016年从流感研究数据库（IRD）收集的人群监测数据，对流感病毒在时间、地理、性别和年龄方面的分布进行描述性分析。根据病原体类型（甲型H1N1流感病毒、甲型H3N2流感病毒和乙型流感病毒）将阳性样本分为三组。比较并分析各组之间的分布及临床特征。
不同国家的阳性率存在统计学显著差异（P<0.001）。阳性样本比例随年龄增长逐渐下降。甲型H1N1阳性患者中奥司他韦耐药比例显著高于甲型H3N2阳性患者（P<0.001）。甲型H1N1、甲型H3N2和乙型流感病毒在疫苗接种状况方面存在显著差异（P<0.001）。甲型H1N1、甲型H3N2和乙型流感感染的所有病例中咳嗽都很常见，但乙型流感阳性病例中咳嗽、发热和流鼻涕的发生率高于甲型H1N1阳性和甲型H3N2阳性病例（P<0.001）。
0至18岁人群是流感的主要易感人群，甲型H1N1流感病毒是该人群感染的主要病原体，主要临床表现为发热、咳嗽和头痛。本研究结果凸显了在临床实践中加强对该年龄组保护的必要性。
