Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, No.2, Sun Wen East Road, Zhongshan, 528400, Guangdong, China.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Nutr J. 2024 Oct 17;23(1):125. doi: 10.1186/s12937-024-01026-z.
Low-fat dietary (LFD) pattern refers to a dietary structure with reduced fat intake. The aim was to investigate the association between LFD pattern and risk of head and neck cancer (HNC).
Data were derived from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. LFD score was used to assess adherence to an LFD pattern, with higher scores indicating greater adherence. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between LFD score and risk of HNC and its subtypes. To visualize the trend in risk of HNC and its subtypes with changing LFD score, restricted cubic spline plots were utilized. A series of subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential confounders. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results.
Among 98,459 participants of PLCO trial, 268 cases with HNC were identified during an average of 8.8 years of follow-up. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of LFD score had a lower risk of HNC (HR : 0.60; 95% CI: 0.40-0.90; P for trend = 0.026) and larynx cancer (HR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.22-0.96; P for trend = 0.039). The restricted cubic spline plots demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship between the LFD score and the risk of HNC and its subtypes (all P for nonlinearity > 0.05). The primary association remained robust in the sensitivity analysis.
Our findings suggest that adherence to an LFD pattern may lower the risk of HNC in the US population.
低脂饮食（LFD）模式是指一种降低脂肪摄入量的饮食结构。本研究旨在探讨 LFD 模式与头颈部癌症（HNC）风险之间的关联。
数据来源于前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌（PLCO）筛查试验。LFD 评分用于评估对 LFD 模式的依从性，得分越高表示依从性越高。采用 Cox 回归评估 LFD 评分与 HNC 及其亚型风险之间的关系。为了可视化 LFD 评分与 HNC 及其亚型风险之间的趋势，采用限制立方样条图进行分析。进行了一系列亚组分析以确定潜在的混杂因素。进行敏感性分析以评估结果的稳健性。
在 PLCO 试验的 98459 名参与者中，平均随访 8.8 年后有 268 例 HNC 病例。在完全调整的模型中，与 LFD 评分最低四分位数相比，最高四分位数的参与者 HNC（HR：0.60；95%CI：0.40-0.90；P 趋势=0.026）和喉癌（HR：0.46；95%CI：0.22-0.96；P 趋势=0.039）的风险较低。限制立方样条图显示 LFD 评分与 HNC 及其亚型风险之间存在线性剂量反应关系（所有非线性 P 值均>0.05）。敏感性分析结果表明主要关联仍然稳健。
本研究结果表明，在美国人群中，遵循 LFD 模式可能降低 HNC 的风险。
