Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain.
Oral Health and Masticatory System Group (Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute) IDIBELL, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (Dentistry), University of Barcelona, 08970 Barcelona, Spain.
Nutrients. 2023 Jun 23;15(13):2846. doi: 10.3390/nu15132846.
Diet may modulate the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. To date, there is limited evidence regarding the effects of the Mediterranean diet on HNC risk. The purpose of the study was to assess the association between Mediterranean diet adherence, type of diet, and vitamin C and the risk of HNC. A case-control study was conducted at the Dentistry Hospital, University of Barcelona, including 101 cases of HNC and 101 controls matched by age and sex. Dietary habits were assessed using a 14-question Mediterranean diet score that classified the type of diet into healthy diet (10-14 points), regular diet (5-9 points), and unhealthy diet (≤4 points). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between Mediterranean diet adherence, type of diet, and vitamin C and the risk of HNC. Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with a lower risk of HNC (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.98). A healthy diet (OR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.10-0.84) and vitamin C intake (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10-0.62) were strongly associated with lower odds of HNC. Moderate egg intake was the only type of food significantly associated with a lower risk of HNC. Dietary patterns that emphasize a high intake of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactive components may have a protective effect on the risk of HNC.
饮食可能通过抗氧化和抗炎作用来调节头颈部癌症（HNC）的风险。迄今为止，关于地中海饮食对 HNC 风险的影响的证据有限。本研究的目的是评估地中海饮食的依从性、饮食类型以及维生素 C 与 HNC 风险之间的关联。这项病例对照研究在巴塞罗那大学牙科学院进行，包括 101 例 HNC 病例和 101 例按年龄和性别匹配的对照。通过使用 14 个问题的地中海饮食评分来评估饮食习惯，该评分将饮食类型分为健康饮食（10-14 分）、常规饮食（5-9 分）和不健康饮食（≤4 分）。使用多变量逻辑回归模型来评估地中海饮食的依从性、饮食类型和维生素 C 与 HNC 风险之间的关联。更高的地中海饮食依从性与 HNC 风险降低显著相关（OR=0.88，95%CI：0.79-0.98）。健康饮食（OR=0.29，95%CI：0.10-0.84）和维生素 C 摄入（OR=0.25，95%CI：0.10-0.62）与 HNC 风险降低的关联非常强。适量摄入鸡蛋是唯一与 HNC 风险降低显著相关的食物类型。强调高摄入抗氧化和抗炎生物活性成分的饮食模式可能对头颈部癌症的风险具有保护作用。
