Zhou Wenqing, Cao Weiye, Wang Wen, Zeng Gang, Liang Rongyu, Liu Cuixia, Chen Xiaodong, Lin Weicheng, Shi Xiaolei, Zhou Huarong, Gao Yun, Chen Wanhua, Xiao Lingxian
Adult Psychiatry Department, The Affiliated Brain Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Oct 3;15:1477953. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1477953. eCollection 2024.
Schizophrenia, a severe mental disorder, is often complicated by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which can further impact patients' psychological health. This study investigated the differences in eating attitudes, depression, and insight between schizophrenic patients with and without comorbid T2DM and explored the correlations among these factors to provide empirical support for clinical interventions.
This case-control study was conducted in Guangdong Province, China. From December 2022 to May 2023, a total of 300 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia (92 with comorbid T2DM and 208 without T2DM) were recruited. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire (ITAQ). Statistical analyses, including t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression, were performed to examine differences and predictive factors of eating attitudes among patients. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (approval number: 2020028), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Patients with schizophrenia and comorbid T2DM exhibited significantly higher risks of eating disorders (EAT-26: 12.54 ± 9.77 vs. 9.07 ± 7.90, =0.003), more severe depression (HAMD: 14.71 ± 7.36 vs. 11.80 ± 6.04, =0.001), and poorer insight (ITAQ: 10.46 ± 6.01 vs. 12.16 ± 6.09, =0.025) compared to those without T2DM. Regression analysis revealed that gender, weekly exercise frequency, depression, and insight were significant predictors of eating attitudes among patients with T2DM. For patients without T2DM, weekly exercise frequency, smoking status, and insight were significant predictors.
Schizophrenic patients with comorbid T2DM are facing increasing risks related to eating attitudes, depression, and insight which highlight the need for targeted interventions. Regular psychological assessment and tailored support strategies might improve their mental health and quality of life. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to clarify causal relationships and develop more effective interventions.
精神分裂症是一种严重的精神障碍，常并发2型糖尿病（T2DM），这会进一步影响患者的心理健康。本研究调查了合并T2DM和未合并T2DM的精神分裂症患者在饮食态度、抑郁和自知力方面的差异，并探讨了这些因素之间的相关性，为临床干预提供实证支持。
本病例对照研究在中国广东省进行。2022年12月至2023年5月，共招募了300例住院精神分裂症患者（92例合并T2DM，208例未合并T2DM）。使用个人信息表、饮食态度测试（EAT-26）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和自知力与治疗态度问卷（ITAQ）收集数据。进行了包括t检验、方差分析和多元线性回归在内的统计分析，以检验患者饮食态度的差异和预测因素。本研究经广州医科大学附属脑科医院伦理委员会批准（批准文号：2020028），并获得所有参与者的书面知情同意。
与未合并T2DM 的患者相比，合并T2DM 的精神分裂症患者出现饮食失调的风险显著更高（EAT-26：12.54±9.77 对9.07±7.90，P =0.003），抑郁更严重（HAMD：14.71±7.36 对11.80±6.04，P =0.001），自知力更差（ITAQ：10.46±6.01 对12.16±6.09，P =0.025）。回归分析显示，性别、每周运动频率、抑郁和自知力是合并T2DM患者饮食态度的显著预测因素。对于未合并T2DM 的患者而言，每周运动频率、吸烟状况和自知力是显著预测因素。
合并T2DM 的精神分裂症患者在饮食态度、抑郁和自知力方面面临的风险日益增加，这凸显了针对性干预的必要性。定期的心理评估和量身定制的支持策略可能会改善他们的心理健康和生活质量。未来的研究应侧重于纵向研究以阐明因果关系并制定更有效的干预措施。
