Chang Tien-Lin, Kuo Hann-Chorng
Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Tzu Chi Med J. 2024 May 27;36(4):370-376. doi: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_53_24. eCollection 2024 Oct-Dec.
Nocturia is defined as the nocturnal frequency of one or more voiding episodes per night. It increases with aging and has an impact on sleep quality and the risks of falling and mortality. Nocturia disorder involves nighttime frequency, nocturnal polyuria, and nocturnal enuresis. In older adults with nocturia disorder, multiple factors could contribute to nocturia severity and characteristics, including poor sleep quality, lower urinary tract dysfunction, and excessive fluid output. Several nonurological medical diseases have been found to result in nocturia, such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Urological and medical assessments should be performed to diagnose nocturia disorder. A frequency volume chart to evaluate the nocturnal polyuria index, functional bladder capacity, and urodynamic study can reveal the presence of nocturnal polyuria and lower urinary tract dysfunction. Treatment should be based on multiple nocturia etiologies, and a combination of multiple therapies for individual pathophysiology will achieve a better treatment outcome.
夜尿症的定义是每晚有一次或多次排尿的夜间排尿频率。它随着年龄增长而增加，并且会影响睡眠质量以及跌倒和死亡风险。夜尿症紊乱包括夜间尿频、夜间多尿和夜间遗尿。在患有夜尿症紊乱的老年人中，多种因素可能导致夜尿症的严重程度和特征，包括睡眠质量差、下尿路功能障碍和液体排出过多。已发现几种非泌尿系统疾病会导致夜尿症，如高血压、充血性心力衰竭、慢性肾病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、代谢综合征和糖尿病。应进行泌尿外科和内科评估以诊断夜尿症紊乱。用于评估夜间多尿指数、功能性膀胱容量的频率-尿量图表以及尿动力学研究可以揭示夜间多尿和下尿路功能障碍的存在。治疗应基于多种夜尿症病因，针对个体病理生理学的多种疗法联合使用将取得更好的治疗效果。
