The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
Medical Education Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital (Jinwan Central Hospital of Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Oct 2;15:1485546. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1485546. eCollection 2024.
The STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway is pivotal in activating innate immunity, making it a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. STING agonists have shown potential in enhancing immune responses, particularly in tumors resistant to traditional therapies. This scholarly review examines the diverse categories of STING agonists, encompassing CDN analogues, non-CDN chemotypes, CDN-infused exosomes, engineered bacterial vectors, and hybrid structures of small molecules-nucleic acids. We highlight their mechanisms, clinical trial progress, and therapeutic outcomes. While these agents offer significant promise, challenges such as toxicity, tumor heterogeneity, and delivery methods remain obstacles to their broader clinical use. Ongoing research and innovation are essential to overcoming these hurdles. STING agonists could play a transformative role in cancer treatment, particularly for patients with hard-to-treat malignancies, by harnessing the body's immune system to target and eliminate cancer cells.
STING（干扰素基因刺激物）途径在激活先天免疫中起着关键作用，使其成为癌症免疫治疗的有前途的靶点。STING 激动剂已显示出增强免疫反应的潜力，特别是在对传统疗法有抵抗力的肿瘤中。本学术综述探讨了 STING 激动剂的多种类别，包括 CDN 类似物、非 CDN 化学型、CDN 注入外泌体、工程细菌载体和小分子-核酸的混合结构。我们强调了它们的机制、临床试验进展和治疗结果。虽然这些药物具有很大的潜力，但毒性、肿瘤异质性和给药方法等挑战仍然是它们更广泛临床应用的障碍。正在进行的研究和创新对于克服这些障碍至关重要。STING 激动剂通过利用人体免疫系统来靶向和消除癌细胞，在癌症治疗中可能发挥变革性作用，特别是对于那些难以治疗的恶性肿瘤患者。
