NeuroMetrology Lab, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
J Parkinsons Dis. 2024;14(7):1369-1386. doi: 10.3233/JPD-240092.
BACKGROUND: Eye tracking assessments in the laboratory have previously highlighted clear differences in eye movements between Parkinson's disease (PD) and healthy aging. However, laboratory-based eye movement tasks are artificial and limit the ecological validity of observed results. Eye movement tasks utilizing more naturalistic scenarios may provide more accurate insight into cognitive function but research in this area is limited. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to ascertain what naturalistic tasks have revealed about oculomotor deficits in PD and what this information may help us understand about the underlying sensorimotor and cognitive processes. METHODS: Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, a literature search of PsycInfo, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted using predetermined search terms. Articles including both individuals with PD and healthy older adults completing eye tracking tasks involving naturalistic eye movements (e.g., reading, video-watching, unrestricted visual search) or naturalistic stimuli were included. RESULTS: After screening, 30 studies were identified as matching the inclusion criteria. Results revealed consistent findings across tasks, including longer fixation durations and smaller saccadic amplitudes in PD compared to healthy aging. However, inconsistencies in the literature and a lack of standardization in tasks limit interpretation of these results. CONCLUSIONS: Naturalistic eye movement tasks highlight some consistent differences in eye movements between people with PD and healthy aging. However, future research should expand the current literature in this area and strive towards standardization of naturalistic tasks that can preferably be conducted remotely.
背景:先前在实验室进行的眼动评估突出了帕金森病(PD)和健康老龄化人群之间的眼动差异。然而,基于实验室的眼动任务是人为的,限制了观察结果的生态有效性。利用更自然场景的眼动任务可能会更准确地洞察认知功能,但该领域的研究有限。 目的:本系统评价旨在确定自然主义任务揭示了 PD 中的哪些眼球运动缺陷,以及这些信息可以帮助我们了解潜在的感觉运动和认知过程。 方法:根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)声明,使用预定的搜索词在 PsycInfo、Medline、Scopus 和 Web of Science 上进行了文献检索。包括 PD 患者和健康老年人在内的文章,这些患者都参与了涉及自然主义眼球运动(例如阅读、观看视频、无限制视觉搜索)或自然主义刺激的眼动追踪任务。 结果:经过筛选,确定了 30 项符合纳入标准的研究。结果表明,与健康老龄化相比,PD 患者在各种任务中的注视持续时间更长,眼跳幅度更小。然而,文献中的不一致性和任务缺乏标准化限制了对这些结果的解释。 结论:自然主义眼动任务突出了 PD 患者和健康老龄化人群之间眼球运动的一些一致差异。然而,未来的研究应该扩展该领域的现有文献,并努力实现自然主义任务的标准化,最好可以远程进行。
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