埃塞俄比亚转诊医院护士对关怀行为的认知：一种混合方法研究
Nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors at referral hospitals in Ethiopia: A mixed-methods approach.
作者信息
Ferede Abebaw Jember, Gezie Lemma Derseh, Geda Biftu, Salih Mohammed Hassen, Erlandsson Kerstin, Wettergren Lena
机构信息
Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2024 Oct 18;23(1):767. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02431-9.
BACKGROUND
Caring plays a vital role in nursing and serves as an indicator of quality. Nurse caring behaviors are directed towards patients' safety and wellbeing. Nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors are affected by different factors. Understanding the factors linked to how nurses perceive caring behaviors is crucial for enhancing the quality of care. The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors and gain a more comprehensive understanding.
METHODS
A multicenter sequential explanatory mixed-methods study was conducted among medical-surgical nurses at three referral hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. Quantitative data were collected using a pretested self-administered survey package including the Amharic version of the Caring Behaviors Inventory-16. Qualitative interviews using semi-structured, open-ended questions were conducted after the survey to complement and clarify the quantitative results, facilitating integrate through a connecting approach. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors and associated factors. The qualitative data was examined to find meaningful patterns using codebook thematic analysis. This method was deductive and followed the guidelines by Braun and Clarke, building on the findings from the quantitative results.
RESULTS
The overall mean of nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors was 4.75. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that female sex (b = 0.300, P = 0.004), age (b = 0.028, P = 0.001), nurse staffing (b=-0.115, P = 0.001), work-related stress (b = 0.298, P = 0.003), and job satisfaction (b=-0.254, P = 0.016) were associated with nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors. The codebook thematic analysis generated three themes, caring is universal and fundamental in nursing, impediments to provision of comprehensive care, and perception of the work conditions. The findings of the qualitative data complemented the results of the quantitative data.
CONCLUSION
Discrepancies between nurses' expectations and the actual working environment may create uncertainty in care provision and impact quality-of-care. Strategies to harmonize the nurses' working environment should consider work-related factors.
背景
关怀在护理中起着至关重要的作用，是质量的一个指标。护士的关怀行为旨在保障患者的安全和福祉。护士对关怀行为的认知受到不同因素的影响。了解与护士如何认知关怀行为相关的因素对于提高护理质量至关重要。本研究的目的是探讨与护士对关怀行为的认知相关的因素，并获得更全面的理解。
方法
在埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区的三家转诊医院对内科-外科护士进行了一项多中心序贯解释性混合方法研究。使用预先测试的自填式调查问卷收集定量数据，其中包括阿姆哈拉语版的《关怀行为量表-16》。在调查之后，采用半结构化、开放式问题进行定性访谈，以补充和澄清定量结果，通过一种关联方法促进整合。使用多元线性回归模型来检验护士对关怀行为的认知与相关因素之间的关系。使用编码本主题分析法对定性数据进行分析，以找出有意义的模式。该方法是演绎性的，遵循布劳恩和克拉克的指导方针，以定量结果的发现为基础。
结果
护士对关怀行为的认知总体均值为4.75。多元线性回归分析表明，女性（b = 0.300，P = 0.004）、年龄（b = 0.028，P = 0.001）、护士配备（b = -0.115，P = 0.001）、工作压力（b = 0.298，P = 0.003）和工作满意度（b = -0.254，P = 0.016）与护士对关怀行为的认知相关。编码本主题分析法产生了三个主题，即关怀在护理中是普遍且基本的、提供全面护理的障碍以及对工作条件的认知。定性数据的结果补充了定量数据的结果。
结论
护士的期望与实际工作环境之间的差异可能会在护理提供中造成不确定性，并影响护理质量。协调护士工作环境的策略应考虑与工作相关的因素。
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