Zhang Jing, Wang Peipei, Fan Weisen, Lin Cuixia
School of Health, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Medical department, Kashi Prefectural Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kashi, Xinjiang, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Oct 4;15:1479427. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1479427. eCollection 2024.
Few studies have compared the influencing factors of postpartum depression between primiparous and multiparous women. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of postpartum depression in primiparous and multiparous women, and provide reference suggestions for clinical nursing.
A total of 429 postpartum women who gave birth at a Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Shandong Province, China, from April to June 2024, were recruited by convenience sampling. A Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Perceived Social Support Scale were used for investigation. SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze the data, and multivariate regression was employed to analyze the influencing factors of postpartum depression between primiparous and multiparous women.
The total prevalence of postpartum depression among 429 postpartum women (191 primiparas and 238 multiparas) was 22.14%. The prevalence of postpartum depression among primiparous and multiparous women were 21.99% and 22.27%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference [OR=1.016, 95% CI (0.642, 1.608)]. Sleep quality is a common protective factor for postpartum depression in both primiparous and multiparous women, while perceived social support is another protective factor for multiparous women. The risk factors are different in both two group, there is no risk factor found in primiparous women, the newborns health and women's expectation on newborns gender are risk factors for postpartum depression in multiparous women.
Both primiparous and multiparous women have a high risk of postpartum depression. In order to promote the mental health of postpartum women, precise nursing measures should be adopted for different parity of postpartum women in clinical practice.
很少有研究比较初产妇和经产妇产后抑郁的影响因素。因此，本研究旨在调查初产妇和经产妇产后抑郁的患病率及影响因素，为临床护理提供参考建议。
采用便利抽样法，选取2024年4月至6月在中国山东省某妇幼保健院分娩的429例产后妇女。使用社会人口学问卷、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数和领悟社会支持量表进行调查。采用SPSS 26.0对数据进行分析，并采用多因素回归分析初产妇和经产妇产后抑郁的影响因素。
429例产后妇女（191例初产妇和238例经产妇）中产后抑郁的总患病率为22.14%。初产妇和经产妇产后抑郁的患病率分别为21.99%和22.27%，差异无统计学意义[OR=1.016，95%CI（0.642，1.608）]。睡眠质量是初产妇和经产妇产后抑郁的共同保护因素，而领悟社会支持是经产妇产后抑郁的另一个保护因素。两组的危险因素不同，初产妇未发现危险因素，经产妇中新生儿健康和产妇对新生儿性别的期望是产后抑郁的危险因素。
初产妇和经产妇产后抑郁的风险均较高。为促进产后妇女的心理健康，临床实践中应针对不同产次的产后妇女采取精准的护理措施。
