Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Mediators Inflamm. 2024 Oct 11;2024:8347647. doi: 10.1155/2024/8347647. eCollection 2024.
Inflammatory chemokines are a group of G-protein receptor ligands characterized by conserved cysteine residues, which can be divided into four main subfamilies: CC, CXC, XC, and CX3C. The C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR) 3 and its ligands, C-X-C chemokine ligands (CXCLs), are widely expressed in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS). This comprehensive literature review aims to examine the functions and pathways of CXCR3 and its ligands in nervous system-related diseases. In summary, while the related pathways and the expression levels of CXCR3 and its ligands are varied among different cells in PNS and CNS, the MPAK pathway is the core via which CXCR3 exerts physiological functions. It is not only the core pathway of CXCR3 after activation but also participates in the expression of CXCR3 ligands in the nervous system. In addition, despite CXCR3 being a common inflammatory chemokine receptor, there is no consensus on its precise roles in various diseases. This uncertainty may be attributable to distinct inflammatory characteristics, that inflammation simultaneously possesses the dual properties of damage induction and repair facilitation.
炎症趋化因子是一组 G 蛋白受体配体，其特征是保守的半胱氨酸残基，可分为四个主要亚家族：CC、CXC、XC 和 CX3C。C-X-C 趋化因子受体 (CXCR) 3 及其配体 C-X-C 趋化因子配体 (CXCL) 在周围神经系统 (PNS) 和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中广泛表达。本综述旨在探讨 CXCR3 及其配体在神经系统相关疾病中的作用和途径。综上所述，虽然 PNS 和 CNS 中不同细胞的相关途径和 CXCR3 及其配体的表达水平不同，但 MPAK 途径是 CXCR3 发挥生理功能的核心途径。它不仅是 CXCR3 激活后的核心途径，还参与了神经组织中 CXCR3 配体的表达。此外，尽管 CXCR3 是一种常见的炎症趋化因子受体，但在各种疾病中其确切作用尚无共识。这种不确定性可能归因于炎症的双重特性，即同时具有诱导损伤和促进修复的双重特性。
