Tang Cheng-Ye, Tang Dong-Yong, Yang Ying-Qin, Liang Yu-Bing, Liang Hao
Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2024 Oct 18;17(10):1905-1910. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2024.10.18. eCollection 2024.
To assess whether there is a possible causal link between the intake of cheese and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) utilizing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
The research data were obtained from summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Genetic loci closely related to cheese intake were extracted as instrumental variables (IVs), and DR was the outcome variable. The data were extracted from individuals of European ethnicity. The data of cheese intake consisted of 451 486 samples with 9 851 867 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), while the DR data consisted of 206 234 samples with 16 380 446 SNPs. Sixty-one genetic loci closely related to cheese intake were selected as IVs. MR analysis was performed by inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and MR-Egger regression respectively. The causal relationship between cheese intake and DR was evaluated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Egger-intercept test was used to test horizontal pleiotropy and sensitivity analysis was performed by leave-one-out test.
The value of the IVW method was less than 0.05, indicating a significant negative correlation between cheese intake and DR. MR-Egger regression showed that the intercept was 0.01 with a standard error of 0.022, and a -value of 0.634, indicating no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy affecting the IVs related to the exposure factors. Besides, heterogeneity tests confirmed the absence of heterogeneity, and the "leave-one-out" sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the results were stable.
Cheese intake is causally negatively correlated with the occurrence of DR, and cheese intake could reduce the risk of DR.
利用两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）分析评估奶酪摄入量与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）风险之间是否存在可能的因果关系。
研究数据来自全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的汇总统计。提取与奶酪摄入量密切相关的基因位点作为工具变量（IVs），DR作为结果变量。数据提取自欧洲种族个体。奶酪摄入量数据包括451486个样本和9851867个单核苷酸多态性（SNPs），而DR数据包括206234个样本和16380446个SNPs。选择61个与奶酪摄入量密切相关的基因位点作为IVs。分别采用逆方差加权（IVW）法和MR-Egger回归进行MR分析。使用优势比（ORs）和95%置信区间（CIs）评估奶酪摄入量与DR之间的因果关系。采用Egger截距检验来检验水平多效性，并通过留一法检验进行敏感性分析。
IVW法的 值小于0.05，表明奶酪摄入量与DR之间存在显著负相关。MR-Egger回归显示截距为0.01，标准误为0.022， 值为0.634，表明没有证据表明水平多效性影响与暴露因素相关的IVs。此外，异质性检验证实不存在异质性，“留一法”敏感性分析表明结果稳定。
奶酪摄入量与DR的发生呈因果负相关，奶酪摄入量可降低DR风险。
