Sonnier John Hayden, Coladonato Carlo, Khan Irfan A, Connors Gregory, Paul Ryan W, Hall Anya T, Johnson Emma E, Bishop Meghan E, Tjoumakaris Fotios P, Freedman Kevin B
Rothman Orthopaedic Institute at the Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2024 Oct 17;12(10):23259671241261679. doi: 10.1177/23259671241261679. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Race- and ethnicity-based differences in treatment access and outcomes have been reported in the orthopaedic sports medicine literature. However, the rate at which race and ethnicity are reported and incorporated into the statistical analysis of sports medicine studies remains unclear.
To determine the rate at which race and ethnicity are reported and analyzed in athlete-specific sports medicine literature.
Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.
Using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, articles published by the 3 journals of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine between 2017 and 2021 were considered for inclusion. Original sports medicine research studies that focused on athletes were included. Outcome measures included reporting and analysis of patient demographics (age, sex, race, ethnicity). Studies that included demographic variables in a multivariate analysis or that performed a race-/ethnicity-based stratified analyses were considered to have analyzed that variable. Studies that reported and/or analyzed patient demographics were examined. Chi-square tests were performed to determine statistical significance.
A total of 5140 publications were screened, and 842 met the inclusion criteria. Age and sex were well reported (84.1% and 87.0%, respectively), while race (3.8%) and ethnicity (2.0%) were poorly reported. There was no difference in rates of reporting age, sex, race, or ethnicity between the (), the (), or (). The rate of analysis was also calculated as a percentage of the studies that reported that variable. Of the studies that reported age, 38.5% analyzed age. Using this method, 26.2% of studies analyzed sex, 40.6% analyzed race, and 17.6% analyzed ethnicity. Although there was no difference in the overall rate at which studies from the 3 journals analyzed ethnicity, studies analyzed age ( = .044), sex ( = .001), and race ( = .027) more frequently than studies published in and . Of the studies that analyzed race, most of those studies (8/13, 61.5%) found significant race-based differences in reported outcomes.
This systematic review demonstrated that race and ethnicity are poorly reported and analyzed in athlete-specific sports medicine literature, despite the fact that a majority of studies analyzing race found significant differences between racial groups. Improved reporting of race and ethnicity can determine whether race- and ethnicity-based differences exist in patient interventions to ameliorate disparities in patient outcomes.
骨科运动医学文献中报道了在治疗可及性和治疗结果方面存在基于种族和族裔的差异。然而，种族和族裔在运动医学研究的统计分析中的报告率和纳入率仍不明确。
确定在特定运动员的运动医学文献中种族和族裔的报告率和分析率。
系统评价；证据等级，4级。
采用PRISMA（系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目）指南，纳入2017年至2021年期间美国运动医学骨科协会的3种期刊发表的文章。纳入专注于运动员的原创运动医学研究。结局指标包括患者人口统计学特征（年龄、性别、种族、族裔）的报告和分析。将在多变量分析中纳入人口统计学变量或进行基于种族/族裔的分层分析的研究视为对该变量进行了分析。对报告和/或分析患者人口统计学特征的研究进行检查。进行卡方检验以确定统计学意义。
共筛选了5140篇出版物，842篇符合纳入标准。年龄和性别报告良好（分别为84.1%和87.0%），而种族（3.8%）和族裔（2.0%）报告不佳。在[具体分类1]、[具体分类2]或[具体分类3]之间，年龄、性别、种族或族裔的报告率没有差异。分析率也以报告该变量的研究的百分比来计算。在报告年龄的研究中，38.5%的研究分析了年龄。采用这种方法，26.2%的研究分析了性别，40.6%的研究分析了种族，17.6%的研究分析了族裔。尽管3种期刊的研究在分析族裔的总体率上没有差异，但[具体期刊1]的研究比[具体期刊2]和[具体期刊3]发表的研究更频繁地分析年龄（P = 0.044）、性别（P = 0.001）和种族（P = 0.027）。在分析种族的研究中，大多数研究（8/13，61.5%）在报告的结局中发现了基于种族的显著差异。
本系统评价表明，在特定运动员的运动医学文献中，种族和族裔的报告和分析情况不佳，尽管大多数分析种族的研究发现种族群体之间存在显著差异。改善种族和族裔的报告可以确定在患者干预中是否存在基于种族和族裔的差异，以改善患者结局的差异。
