Lawson Edwina F, Pickford Russell, Aitken Robert John, Gibb Zamira, Grupen Christopher G, Swegen Aleona
School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and the Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Oct 4;11:1439550. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1439550. eCollection 2024.
The lipidomic secretions of embryos provide a unique opportunity to examine the cellular processes of the early conceptus. In this study we profiled lipids released by the early equine conceptus, using high-resolution mass spectrometry to detect individual lipid species. This study examined the lipidomic profile in embryo-conditioned media from -produced, 8-9 day-old equine embryos ( = 3) cultured for 36 h, analyzed over 3 timepoints. A total of 1,077 lipid IDs were recorded across all samples, containing predominantly glycerolipids. Seventy-nine of these were significantly altered in embryo conditioned-media versus media only control ( < 0.05, fold-change >2 or < 0.5). Fifty-five lipids were found to be released into the embryo-conditioned media, of which 54.5% were triacylglycerols and 23.6% were ceramides. The sterol lipid, cholesterol, was also identified and secreted in significant amounts as embryos developed. Further, 24 lipids were found to be depleted from the media during culture, of which 70.8% were diacylglycerols, 16.7% were triacylglycerols and 12.5% were ceramides. As lipid-free media contained consistently detectable lipid peaks, a further profile analysis of the various components of non-embryo-conditioned media consistently showed the presence of 137 lipids. Lipid peaks in non-embryo-conditioned media increased in response to incubation under mineral oil, and contained ceramides, diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols. These results emphasize the importance of a defined embryo culture medium and a need to identify the lipid requirements of the embryo precisely. This study sheds light on early embryo lipid metabolism and the transfer of lipids during culture.
胚胎的脂质组分泌产物为研究早期孕体的细胞过程提供了独特的机会。在本研究中，我们对早期马属动物孕体释放的脂质进行了分析，使用高分辨率质谱法检测各个脂质种类。本研究检测了来自8至9日龄马胚胎（n = 3）培养36小时的胚胎条件培养基中的脂质组谱，在3个时间点进行分析。所有样本共记录了1077个脂质ID，主要包含甘油脂质。其中79种在胚胎条件培养基与仅培养基对照相比有显著变化（P < 0.05，变化倍数>2或<0.5）。发现有55种脂质释放到胚胎条件培养基中，其中54.5%是三酰甘油，23.6%是神经酰胺。随着胚胎发育，固醇脂质胆固醇也被鉴定并大量分泌。此外，在培养过程中发现有24种脂质从培养基中耗尽，其中70.8%是二酰甘油，16.7%是三酰甘油，12.5%是神经酰胺。由于无脂质培养基始终含有可检测到的脂质峰，对非胚胎条件培养基的各种成分进行的进一步谱分析始终显示存在137种脂质。非胚胎条件培养基中的脂质峰在矿物油培养下会增加，且包含神经酰胺、二酰甘油和三酰甘油。这些结果强调了确定的胚胎培养基的重要性以及精确确定胚胎脂质需求的必要性。本研究揭示了早期胚胎脂质代谢以及培养过程中脂质的转移情况。
