Rai Bhim B, Dorji Phuntsho, Maddess Ted
John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Department of Ophthalmology, JDW National Referral Hospital, Thimphu, Bhutan.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2024 Oct 17;18:2939-2949. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S477559. eCollection 2024.
We conducted this study to determine the pattern and prevalence of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in Bhutan to inform national health policy as no data has been compiled previously.
A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted over 3 years, including all new RVO cases. For patients with bilateral RVO, one eye was chosen randomly. Demographic, clinical, and diagnostic details, including optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and fundus photography, were collected.
Of 141 RVO new patients included, aged 50.5 ± 20.2 years, there were more males (62.4%) than females (37.6%) significantly (p = 0.031), and 59.6% of total patients were from an urban setting. Farmers were the most affected group (44, 31.2%), followed by housewives (34, 24.1%), and the working group (33, 23.4%). Blurry vision (64, 45.5%), sudden loss of vision (17, 12.1%), including unsatisfactory cataract surgery (8, 5.7%) were common presenting complaints. Systemic hypertension (HT) (36, 25.5%), and diabetes mellitus (DM) (17, 12.1%), were associated systemic diseases. The prevalence of RVO was 4.8% (141/2913 all new retinal patients over the survey). Branch RVO (BRVO) was the most common type (77, 54.6%), followed by central RVO (CRVO) 56, (39.7%), and hemi-central RVO (HCRVO) (8, 5.7%). Superotemporal BRVO was the most common subtype (30, 39%) followed by inferotempoal (19, 24.7%). Best correct visual acuity (BCVA) was worse than 6/60 in 38 eyes (25.5%). BCVA was not significantly different between BRVO and CRVO eyes. Intraocular pressure was significantly lower in HCRVO eyes (p = 0.015) compared to BRVO and CRVO eyes.
In Bhutan, 8.5% of RVO patients were bilateral. HT was associated significantly as a risk factor. Incidental findings of RVO during routine eye check-up and evaluating for unsatisfactory cataract surgery were common. Therefore, Bhutan needs to control noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes and HT to reduce RVO, and RVO-related blindness and complications.
由于此前未收集过相关数据，我们开展了本研究以确定不丹视网膜静脉阻塞（RVO）的模式和患病率，为国家卫生政策提供依据。
进行了一项为期3年的回顾性横断面调查，纳入所有新诊断的RVO病例。对于双侧RVO患者，随机选择一只眼睛。收集了人口统计学、临床和诊断细节，包括光学相干断层扫描、荧光素血管造影和眼底摄影。
纳入的141例RVO新患者年龄为50.5±20.2岁，男性（62.4%）明显多于女性（37.6%）（p = 0.031），59.6%的患者来自城市地区。农民是受影响最严重的群体（44例，31.2%），其次是家庭主妇（34例，24.1%）和在职人员（33例，23.4%）。视力模糊（64例，45.5%）、视力突然丧失（17例，12.1%），包括白内障手术效果不佳（8例，5.7%）是常见的就诊主诉。系统性高血压（HT）（36例，25.5%）和糖尿病（DM）（17例，12.1%）是相关的全身性疾病。RVO的患病率为4.8%（141/2913例本次调查中所有新诊断的视网膜疾病患者）。分支RVO（BRVO）是最常见的类型（77例，54.6%），其次是中央RVO（CRVO）56例（39.7%）和半侧中央RVO（HCRVO）（8例，5.7%）。颞上分支BRVO是最常见的亚型（30例，39%），其次是颞下分支（19例，24.7%）。38只眼（25.5%）的最佳矫正视力（BCVA）低于6/60。BRVO和CRVO眼的BCVA无显著差异。与BRVO和CRVO眼相比，HCRVO眼的眼压显著降低（p = 0.015）。
在不丹，8.5%的RVO患者为双侧患病。HT是显著相关的危险因素。在常规眼部检查和评估白内障手术效果不佳时偶然发现RVO很常见。因此，不丹需要控制糖尿病和HT等非传染性疾病，以减少RVO及其相关的失明和并发症。
