Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Front Public Health. 2024 Oct 7;12:1450481. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1450481. eCollection 2024.
Active smokers are known to be at an increased risk of both gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcer disease (PUD), however the role of passive smoking remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine whether secondhand smoke (SHS) is associated with PUD and GERD.
In this population-based study, we conducted a large-scale analysis with 88,297 never-smokers (male: 18,595; female: 69,702; mean age 50.1 ± 11.0 years) from the Taiwan Biobank. The exposure group was comprised of those who had been exposed to SHS, and the no exposure group as those without SHS exposure. According to the frequency of exposure, we further divided the participants into "no exposure," "<1 h per week," and "≥1 h per week" groups. A cutoff point of 1 h per week was chosen according to the median exposure time in our participants. Associations between SHS and SHS frequency with PUD and GERD were assessed.
Of the 88,297 enrolled participants, 11,909 (13.5%) had PUD and 76,388 (86.5%) did not. In addition, 11,758 (13.3%) had GERD and 76,539 (86.7%) did not. Multivariable analysis showed a significant association between SHS with PUD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.166; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.084-1.254; < 0.001), and GERD (OR = 1.131; 95% CI = 1.053-1.216; = 0.001). Furthermore, those exposed to SHS ≥ 1 h per week (vs. no exposure) were associated with higher risks of PUD (OR = 1.232; 95% CI = 1.121-1.355; < 0.001) and GERD (OR = 1.200; 95% CI = 1.093-1.319; < 0.001).
SHS was significantly associated with PUD and GERD. Furthermore, exposure to SHS ≥ 1 h per week (vs. no exposure) was associated with a 1.23-fold higher risk of PUD and 1.20-fold higher risk of GERD. This study represents the largest population-based investigation to explore the association between SHS with PUD and GERD in Taiwanese never-smokers.
已知主动吸烟者患胃食管反流病（GERD）和消化性溃疡病（PUD）的风险增加，但被动吸烟的作用仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们旨在研究二手烟（SHS）是否与 PUD 和 GERD 相关。
在这项基于人群的研究中，我们对来自台湾生物银行的 88297 名从不吸烟的人（男性：18595 人；女性：69702 人；平均年龄 50.1±11.0 岁）进行了大规模分析。暴露组由接触过 SHS 的人组成，非暴露组为未接触过 SHS 的人。根据暴露频率，我们进一步将参与者分为“无暴露”、“<1 小时/周”和“≥1 小时/周”组。选择每周 1 小时的暴露时间作为截断点，这是根据我们参与者的中位暴露时间。评估 SHS 与 SHS 频率与 PUD 和 GERD 之间的关联。
在纳入的 88297 名参与者中，11909 人（13.5%）患有 PUD，76388 人（86.5%）没有。此外，11758 人（13.3%）患有 GERD，76539 人（86.7%）没有。多变量分析显示 SHS 与 PUD（比值比[OR] = 1.166；95%置信区间[CI] = 1.084-1.254； < 0.001）和 GERD（OR = 1.131；95% CI = 1.053-1.216； = 0.001）之间存在显著关联。此外，每周接触 SHS≥1 小时（与无接触相比）与 PUD（OR = 1.232；95% CI = 1.121-1.355； < 0.001）和 GERD（OR = 1.200；95% CI = 1.093-1.319； < 0.001）的风险升高相关。
SHS 与 PUD 和 GERD 显著相关。此外，每周接触 SHS≥1 小时（与无接触相比）与 PUD 的风险增加 1.23 倍，与 GERD 的风险增加 1.20 倍相关。本研究是在台湾从不吸烟的人群中，对探索 SHS 与 PUD 和 GERD 之间关系的最大规模的基于人群的研究。
