Lab3R - Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health, University of Aveiro(ESSUA), Aveiro, Portugal.
iBiMED - Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Chron Respir Dis. 2024 Jan-Dec;21:14799731241255138. doi: 10.1177/14799731241255138.
Individuals with interstitial lung disease (ILD) often experience worsening symptoms and activity avoidance. Limited data exists on outcome measures for assessing functional status (capacity and performance), as well as on the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in improving these outcomes in ILD.
This review aimed to systematically assess the effects of PR on both functional capacity and performance in individuals with ILD.
Randomised controlled trials involving pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in adults with ILD, which included at least an exercise training component and education and/or psychosocial support, were included. Risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed. Mean changes from baseline and standard deviations were retrieved for each group, and a random-effects model was applied.
Eight studies were included, mostly involving individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ( = 5). PR duration ranged from 3 to 26 weeks. Seven studies used the 6MWT to evaluate functional capacity and one also used the 30-s STS. Two studies assessed functional performance, measuring time spent in moderate physical activity with the SenseWear Armband, number of steps per day with the same device, and energy expenditure in MET-min using the international physical activity questionnaire. PR improved functional capacity (6MWT-MD 45.82 m, 95%CI [26.14; 65.50], I = 71.54%, < .001; 30-s STS- PR: 3.7 ± 2.6 reps; control group: -0.4 ± 2.5 reps, < .001) compared to usual care. Only self-reported physical activity levels increased after PR (PR: 51.4 ± 57.7MET-min; control group: 20.9 ± 37.2MET-min, = .03).
PR is effective at improving functional capacity; however, functional performance is often overlooked, resulting in limited and inconclusive findings.
患有间质性肺疾病（ILD）的个体常经历症状恶化和活动回避。用于评估功能状态（能力和表现）的结局测量方法以及肺康复（PR）在改善ILD 结局方面的有效性的数据有限。
本综述旨在系统评估 PR 对 ILD 个体的功能能力和表现的影响。
纳入了包含至少一项运动训练成分以及教育和/或社会心理支持的针对成人 ILD 的 PR 随机对照试验。评估了偏倚风险和证据质量。为每组检索了从基线的平均变化和标准差，并应用了随机效应模型。
纳入了 8 项研究，主要涉及特发性肺纤维化患者（n = 5）。PR 持续时间从 3 周到 26 周不等。7 项研究使用 6MWT 评估功能能力，1 项研究还使用 30-s STS。2 项研究评估了功能表现，使用 SenseWear 臂带测量中等体力活动时间，使用相同设备测量每天的步数，以及使用国际体力活动问卷测量 MET-min 能量消耗。与常规护理相比，PR 改善了功能能力（6MWT-MD：45.82 m，95%CI [26.14; 65.50]，I = 71.54%， <.001；30-s STS-PR：3.7 ± 2.6 次；对照组：-0.4 ± 2.5 次， <.001）。仅 PR 后自我报告的体力活动水平增加（PR：51.4 ± 57.7 MET-min；对照组：20.9 ± 37.2 MET-min， =.03）。
PR 可有效改善功能能力；然而，功能表现常被忽视，导致结果有限且不确定。
