Genome Centre, Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2024 Oct;18(10):e70019. doi: 10.1111/irv.70019.
The global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has underlined the significance of strict genomic surveillance to track virus evolution and the possible emergence of new variants, particularly in densely populated countries like Bangladesh. This study outlines a strategic framework of genomic surveillance to track the evolution of the virus in Bangladesh between June 2021 and December 2022 through the National SARS-CoV-2 Variant Surveillance (NSVS) program involving collaboration across 4 major institutes and 13 hospitals nationwide.
We aimed to capture the variants of SARS-CoV-2 throughout the country utilizing standardized procedures, modern sequencing technology, and stringent quality control, promoting data accuracy and the timely detection of new variants of concern. We sequenced over 2200 genomes, documenting the prevalence of the Delta variant initially, followed by the emergence of Omicron variants BA.1, BA.2, BA.5, and XBB, each affecting transmission rates and vaccine efficacy differently.
The clinical manifestations of the variants differed, with some symptoms occurring more frequently in Delta cases and vice versa. Vaccinated individuals were more affected by Omicron cases compared to Delta cases. These variants were responsible for two major COVID-19 waves in the country, each with significant clinical effects. Phylogenetic analyses placed the local SARS-CoV-2 variants within a global context, indicating the Delta variant likely entered from India and Omicron from Europe.
This research highlights the significance of collaborative surveillance strategies for guiding public health choices and the critical role of genomic analysis in monitoring virus evolution, shaping targeted pandemic responses. Bangladesh's contributions significantly enhance global insight into COVID-19's genomic evolution.
由 SARS-CoV-2 引起的全球大流行凸显了严格的基因组监测对于追踪病毒进化和可能出现新变种的重要性，特别是在人口稠密的国家，如孟加拉国。本研究通过国家 SARS-CoV-2 变体监测（NSVS）计划，概述了一个基因组监测战略框架，该计划涉及全国 4 个主要研究所和 13 家医院的合作，以跟踪 2021 年 6 月至 2022 年 12 月期间孟加拉国的病毒进化。
我们旨在利用标准化程序、现代测序技术和严格的质量控制，在全国范围内捕获 SARS-CoV-2 的变体，从而提高数据准确性并及时发现新的关注变体。我们对超过 2200 个基因组进行了测序，最初记录了 Delta 变体的流行，随后出现了 Omicron 变体 BA.1、BA.2、BA.5 和 XBB，它们以不同的方式影响传播率和疫苗效力。
变体的临床表现不同，Delta 病例中某些症状更常见，反之亦然。与 Delta 病例相比，接种疫苗的个体更容易受到 Omicron 病例的影响。这些变体导致该国发生了两次重大的 COVID-19 浪潮，每次都有显著的临床影响。系统发育分析将当地的 SARS-CoV-2 变体置于全球背景下，表明 Delta 变体可能来自印度，Omicron 变体可能来自欧洲。
这项研究强调了合作监测策略对于指导公共卫生决策的重要性，以及基因组分析在监测病毒进化、制定有针对性的大流行应对措施方面的关键作用。孟加拉国的贡献显著提高了全球对 COVID-19 基因组进化的认识。
