Schwartz J, Tenge T, Lanhenke K, Meier S, Schallenburger M, Batzler Y-N, Roser T, Wetzchewald D, Neukirchen M
Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Palliativmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Deutschland.
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2024 Oct 23. doi: 10.1007/s00063-024-01185-1.
In intensive and emergency care, patients and their relatives are confronted with potentially existential crises. Spiritual care can be an additional resource to address related psychosocial and physical symptoms and to support patients and their relatives. Accordingly, healthcare workers need spiritual skills to recognize and respond to these needs.
What spiritual competencies do healthcare workers in intensive and emergency care have? Are there differences between professions and genders? What factors influence spiritual competencies?
The prospective questionnaire study included physicians participating in intensive care and emergency medicine courses and nurses who were training or working in intensive and emergency care. Self-reported spiritual competencies were assessed using the Spiritual Care Competence Questionnaire (SCCQ), which captures the following areas: perceptual competence, team-spirit, documentation competence, self-awareness and proactive opening, knowledge about other religions, competence in conversation techniques and proactive empowerment-competence.
We included 465 physicians (50% female, years in profession: mean = 4.0, standard deviation [SD] = 3.5) and 86 nurses (80% female, years in profession: mean = 12.7, SD = 10.7). The average SCC was 2.3 (SD 0.4) out of a maximum of 4 points, with higher spiritual competences among spiritual and religious respondents. There were differences in specific competencies between the professions and genders. Women indicated a higher level of competence in the area of perception and conversation skills, physicians in documentation skills.
Overall, there is a clear need to train healthcare staff in the field of intensive care and emergency medicine.
在重症监护和急救护理中，患者及其亲属面临着潜在的生存危机。精神关怀可以作为一种额外的资源，用于应对相关的心理社会和身体症状，并支持患者及其亲属。因此，医护人员需要具备精神技能，以识别和满足这些需求。
重症监护和急救护理中的医护人员具备哪些精神能力？不同职业和性别之间是否存在差异？哪些因素会影响精神能力？
这项前瞻性问卷调查研究纳入了参加重症监护和急诊医学课程的医生，以及在重症监护和急救护理部门培训或工作的护士。使用精神关怀能力问卷（SCCQ）评估自我报告的精神能力，该问卷涵盖以下领域：感知能力、团队精神、记录能力、自我意识和主动开放、对其他宗教的了解、沟通技巧能力和主动赋权能力。
我们纳入了465名医生（50%为女性，从业年限：平均=4.0，标准差[SD]=3.5）和86名护士（80%为女性，从业年限：平均=12.7，SD=10.7）。SCCQ的平均得分是2.3（SD 0.4），满分4分，精神和宗教信仰受访者的精神能力更高。不同职业和性别在特定能力方面存在差异。女性在感知和沟通技巧方面的能力水平较高，医生在记录技能方面较高。
总体而言，重症监护和急诊医学领域的医护人员培训需求明显。
