Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
Biogerontology. 2024 Oct 23;26(1):1. doi: 10.1007/s10522-024-10146-2.
The early-life gut microbiota (GM) is increasingly recognized for its contributions to human health and disease over time. Microbiota composition, influenced by factors like race, geography, lifestyle, and individual differences, is subject to change. The GM serves dual roles, defending against pathogens and shaping the host immune system. Disruptions in microbial composition can lead to immune dysregulation, impacting defense mechanisms. Additionally, GM aids digestion, releasing nutrients and influencing physiological systems like the liver, brain, and endocrine system through microbial metabolites. Dysbiosis disrupts intestinal homeostasis, contributing to age-related diseases. Recent studies are elucidating the bacterial species that characterize a healthy microbiota, defining what constitutes a 'healthy' colonic microbiota. The present review article focuses on the importance of microbiome composition for the development of homeostasis and the roles of GM during aging and the age-related diseases caused by the alteration in gut microbial communities. This article might also help the readers to find treatments targeting GM for the prevention of various diseases linked to it effectively.
越来越多的研究表明，早期的肠道微生物群（GM）对人类健康和疾病的影响随着时间的推移而不断显现。GM 的组成受种族、地理位置、生活方式和个体差异等因素的影响，会发生变化。GM 具有双重作用，既能抵御病原体，又能塑造宿主的免疫系统。微生物组成的破坏会导致免疫失调，影响防御机制。此外，GM 有助于消化，通过微生物代谢物释放营养物质，并影响肝脏、大脑和内分泌系统等生理系统。肠道菌群失调会破坏肠道内的稳态，导致与年龄相关的疾病。最近的研究阐明了特征性健康微生物群的细菌种类，定义了“健康”结肠微生物群的组成。本文主要关注微生物组组成对维持内稳态的重要性，以及 GM 在衰老过程中的作用，以及肠道微生物群落改变导致的与年龄相关的疾病。本文还可能帮助读者找到针对 GM 的有效治疗方法，以预防与 GM 相关的各种疾病。
