School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2024 Oct 23;19(10):e0308816. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308816. eCollection 2024.
Return to work (RTW) is an important outcome indicator for the effectiveness of rehabilitation services, and the functional status and overall recovery among individuals who have experienced injury. Despite the rising incidence of traumatic injury among economically productive citizens in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of evidence about the RTW status of injury survivors. This study examined factors associated with RTW success and determinants of time to RTW after injury in Ethiopia.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data retrospectively one year after patients arrived at the study setting due to traumatic injuries. Medical records of all patients who visited the emergency room of a large public hospital in Addis Ababa were reviewed. Data were collected from survivors of traumatic injury, interviewed by telephone one year post-injury. Multivariable logistic regression and survival analysis were carried out to explore factors.
Of the 251 participants, 75% were young adults (age </ = 39 years), 78% were male, 78% were urban residents, 41% were injured by road traffic collisions, and 59% returned to work within one year. The logistic regression model revealed short inpatient admission (AOR = 4.20; 95% CI: 2.10-8.50; p ≤ 0.001), no disability (AOR = 4.44; 95% CI: 2.10-9.60; p ≤ 0.001), motivation to RTW (AOR = 3.50; 95% CI: 1.61-7.50; p = 0.002), no chronic illness (AOR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.14-4.70; p = 0.020), being in an administrative position (AOR = 5.32; 95% CI: 1.11-25.78; p = 0.038) and receiving injury compensation (AOR = 3.10; 95% CI: 1.22-7.73; p = 0.017) as factors for successful RTW within a year after injury. Further, the Cox regression analysis identified immediate access to healthcare after injury (AHR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.05-2.25; p ≤ 0.026) and having injury of penetrative to internal organ, strain, sprain, dislocation or soft tissue (AHR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.20-2.80; p = 0.007) as determinants of early RTW after traumatic injury.
The study uncovers factors crucial to RTW planning and interventions, and provides insights to minimize barriers, foster a smooth transition to employment, and optimize survivors' lives after injury.
重返工作岗位（RTW）是康复服务有效性的一个重要结果指标，也是经历过伤害的个体的功能状态和整体康复的重要指标。尽管在埃塞俄比亚，经济上有生产力的公民创伤性损伤的发生率不断上升，但关于创伤幸存者 RTW 状况的证据却很少。本研究调查了与 RTW 成功相关的因素，并确定了埃塞俄比亚创伤后 RTW 的时间决定因素。
这是一项基于机构的横断面研究，在患者因创伤性损伤到达研究地点一年后，回顾性地收集数据。对在亚的斯亚贝巴一家大型公立医院急诊室就诊的所有患者的病历进行了审查。对创伤幸存者进行了电话访谈，时间是在受伤一年后。采用多变量逻辑回归和生存分析来探讨因素。
在 251 名参与者中，75%是年轻人（年龄 </ = 39 岁），78%是男性，78%是城市居民，41%是道路交通碰撞造成的伤害，59%在一年内重返工作岗位。逻辑回归模型显示，住院时间短（AOR = 4.20；95%CI：2.10-8.50；p ≤ 0.001）、无残疾（AOR = 4.44；95%CI：2.10-9.60；p ≤ 0.001）、重返工作的动机（AOR = 3.50；95%CI：1.61-7.50；p = 0.002）、无慢性病（AOR = 2.31；95%CI：1.14-4.70；p = 0.020）、处于行政职位（AOR = 5.32；95%CI：1.11-25.78；p = 0.038）和获得伤害赔偿（AOR = 3.10；95%CI：1.22-7.73；p = 0.017）是受伤一年内成功重返工作的因素。此外，Cox 回归分析确定了受伤后立即获得医疗保健（AHR = 1.54；95%CI：1.05-2.25；p ≤ 0.026）和受伤穿透内部器官、劳损、扭伤、脱位或软组织（AHR = 1.81；95%CI：1.20-2.80；p = 0.007）是创伤后早期重返工作的决定因素。
本研究揭示了与 RTW 计划和干预相关的关键因素，为减少障碍、促进顺利过渡到就业和优化幸存者的受伤后生活提供了见解。
