估算更积极运动社会中的社会经济不平等减少情况：对欧盟成员国的一项横断面研究。

Estimating the Reduction of Socioeconomic Inequalities for a More Physically Active Society: A Cross-Sectional Study of the European Union Country Members.

机构信息

Department of Sociology and Social Work, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.

Research Group Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Change-OPIK, Leioa, Spain.

出版信息

J Phys Act Health. 2024 Oct 22;21(11):1197-1207. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0232. Print 2024 Nov 1.

DOI:10.1123/jpah.2024-0232

PMID:39442920

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Socioeconomic inequalities significantly impact the accessibility of resources necessary for physical activity, thereby influencing overall physical activity levels and contributing to broader health disparities. Nevertheless, evidence is lacking on quantifying the increase of people who would be physically active through reducing inequalities by a higher socioeconomic position.

METHODS

We conducted secondary data analysis on the 2017 cross-sectional survey of the European Union's population aged ≥18 years (n = 27,538). By estimating socioeconomic status percentages and odds ratios between socioeconomic status (education, occupational social class, and economic issues) and physical activity, we calculated age-standardized Prevented Fraction for Population and the total number of individuals that would meet physical activity guidelines by a higher socioeconomic status (eg, from low to middle or high socioeconomic status), along with scenarios of reduced socioeconomic disparities, controlling for age, gender, place of residence, and marital status.

RESULTS

A higher socioeconomic status could promote physical activity for a total of 93.0 (84.5-101.8) million people through university education, 28.5 million via high-ranked occupations (24.6-32.8), and 137.9 (129.5-146.2) million by less economic issues (compared with primary education, low-manual occupations, and having economic issues most of the time, respectively)-equivalent to 35.46%, 14.49%, and 55.42% of the Prevented Fraction for Population. Reducing socioeconomic inequalities by 50% could raise these estimations to 148.1 million (134.0-162.8) through education, 43.5 million (37.5-50.3) through occupation, and 223.6 million (209.3-237.8) through less economic issues.

CONCLUSIONS

Enhancing access to university education, high-ranked occupations, and income impacts physical activity population levels in the European Union.

摘要

背景

社会经济不平等显著影响人们获取参与体育活动所需的资源，从而影响整体体育活动水平，并导致更广泛的健康差距。然而，目前缺乏通过提高社会经济地位来减少不平等以增加体育活动人群的相关证据。

方法

我们对 2017 年欧盟≥18 岁人群的横断面调查进行了二次数据分析（n=27538）。通过估计社会经济地位（教育、职业社会阶层和经济问题）与体育活动之间的社会经济地位百分比和优势比，我们计算了年龄标准化的人群预防分数和通过提高社会经济地位（例如，从低到中或高社会经济地位）达到体育活动指南的个体数量，以及在控制年龄、性别、居住地和婚姻状况的情况下，减少社会经济差距的情景。

结果

通过接受大学教育，可使总共 9300 万人（8450 万至 10180 万）更积极地参与体育活动；通过高排名职业，可使 2850 万人（2460 万至 3280 万）更积极地参与体育活动；通过较少的经济问题，可使 13790 万人（12950 万至 14620 万）更积极地参与体育活动（分别与接受小学教育、低技术职业和大部分时间有经济问题相比）-相当于人群预防分数的 35.46%、14.49%和 55.42%。通过减少 50%的社会经济不平等，通过教育可将这些估计数提高到 14810 万人（13400 万至 16280 万），通过职业可提高到 4350 万人（3750 万至 5030 万），通过减少经济问题可提高到 22360 万人（20930 万至 23780 万）。