Khan Abdul Hadi, Ijaz Eman, Ubaid Bushra, Eddaki Ilias, Edhi Maliha, Shah Muhammad Nauman, Perry George
Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
College of Medicine, Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Curr Alzheimer Res. 2024;21(6):384-394. doi: 10.2174/0115672050338833240924113200.
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and a significant public health concern, characterized by high incidence, mortality, and economic burden. This study analyzes the mortality patterns and demographic disparities in Alzheimer's disease-related deaths among the elderly population in the United States from 1999 through 2020.
Alzheimer's disease mortality data for individuals 65 and older were obtained from the CDC WONDER database, utilizing ICD-10 codes G30.0, G30.1, G30.8, and G30.9 for identification. Demographic and regional variables included age, gender, race/ethnicity, place of death, urban- rural status, and geographic region. Crude death rates (CR) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 individuals were calculated. Joinpoint Regression Program 5.0.2 was used to analyze trends, calculating Annual Percentage Changes (APCs) and Average Annual Percentage Changes (AAPCs).
From 1999 to 2020, 1,852,432 deaths were attributed to AD among individuals aged 65 and older. The AAMR increased from 128.8 in 1999 to 254.3 in 2020, with an AAPC of 2.99% (95% CI = 2.61-3.48). The age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) was higher in females (218.5) than in males (163.5). Among racial and ethnic groups, non-Hispanic whites had the highest AAMR, followed by Non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics. Regionally, the West reported the highest AAMR, while the Northeast recorded the lowest. Most deaths occurred in nursing homes (57.3%), with a significant portion also occurring at decedents' homes (22.4%).
AD mortality rates in the U.S. have risen significantly, with notable disparities across age, gender, race, and geographic regions. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and research to address the growing burden of AD, particularly among the most affected demographic groups.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是痴呆症的主要病因，也是一个重大的公共卫生问题，其特点是发病率、死亡率和经济负担都很高。本研究分析了1999年至2020年美国老年人口中与阿尔茨海默病相关死亡的死亡率模式和人口统计学差异。
从疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的WONDER数据库中获取65岁及以上个体的阿尔茨海默病死亡率数据，使用ICD-10编码G30.0、G30.1、G30.8和G30.9进行识别。人口统计学和区域变量包括年龄、性别、种族/民族、死亡地点、城乡状况和地理区域。计算每10万人的粗死亡率（CR）和年龄调整死亡率（AAMR）。使用Joinpoint回归程序5.0.2分析趋势，计算年度百分比变化（APC）和平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）。
1999年至2020年期间，65岁及以上个体中有1,852,432例死亡归因于AD。年龄调整死亡率从1999年的128.8上升至2020年的254.3，平均年度百分比变化为2.99%（95%置信区间=2.61-3.48）。女性的年龄调整死亡率（218.5）高于男性（163.5）。在种族和民族群体中，非西班牙裔白人的年龄调整死亡率最高，其次是非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔。在区域方面，西部报告的年龄调整死亡率最高，而东北部最低。大多数死亡发生在养老院（57.3%），相当一部分也发生在死者家中（22.4%）。
美国的AD死亡率显著上升，在年龄、性别、种族和地理区域方面存在明显差异。这些发现凸显了针对特定人群进行干预和研究的必要性，以应对日益增长的AD负担，特别是在受影响最严重的人群中。
