Zhang Zhuo, Peng Junjie, Wang Gang, Wu Liyun, Du Kecheng
School of Journalism and Communication, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Tob Induc Dis. 2024 Oct 23;22. doi: 10.18332/tid/194169. eCollection 2024.
Although a substantial body of research has analyzed the effectiveness of cigarette package warning labels in tobacco control, the very general health warnings messages (HWMs) on cigarette packaging in China have shown limited effectiveness in deterring youth from smoking. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of specific and more detailed warning text messages on Chinese young people's risk perception of smoking and their intention to quit.
We employed a randomized survey experiment to examine the impact of specific text-based warning labels on Chinese young people's risk perception of smoking and intention to quit. The total effective sample size was 1064 participants. The subjects were divided into three groups: the first group served as the control group, which was shown the existing cigarette package warning labels; the second group was shown cigarette package warning labels related to cardiovascular, digestive, and respiratory diseases; and the third group was shown cigarette package warning labels related to sexual dysfunction.
The respiratory disease-related warnings significantly increased young people's awareness of smoking-related respiratory risks (p<0.01). The impact of warning labels for the three common diseases on enhancing young people's overall risk perception of smoking (p<0.05) and their intention to quit exhibited only weak statistical significance (p<0.05). In contrast, warning labels related to sexual dysfunction significantly increased young people's risk perception of smoking (p<0.001) and their intention to quit (p<0.001), with a much higher level of statistical significance compared to those related to the other three common diseases.
Detailed descriptions of the risks associated with all four diseases were positively correlated with awareness of smoking-related harm and the intention to quit. However, warnings related to sexual dysfunction had a greater level of statistical significance compared to those related to the other three common diseases. This stronger significance may be attributed to young people's heightened concern about sexual dysfunction.
尽管大量研究分析了香烟包装警示标签在烟草控制中的有效性，但中国香烟包装上非常笼统的健康警示信息在阻止青少年吸烟方面效果有限。因此，本研究调查了具体且更详细的警示文字信息对中国年轻人吸烟风险认知及戒烟意愿的影响。
我们采用随机调查实验来检验基于文字的具体警示标签对中国年轻人吸烟风险认知及戒烟意愿的影响。总有效样本量为1064名参与者。受试者被分为三组：第一组作为对照组，展示现有的香烟包装警示标签；第二组展示与心血管、消化和呼吸系统疾病相关的香烟包装警示标签；第三组展示与性功能障碍相关的香烟包装警示标签。
与呼吸系统疾病相关的警示显著提高了年轻人对吸烟相关呼吸风险的认知（p<0.01）。三种常见疾病的警示标签在增强年轻人对吸烟总体风险认知（p<0.05）及戒烟意愿方面的影响仅显示出微弱的统计学意义（p<0.05）。相比之下，与性功能障碍相关的警示标签显著提高了年轻人的吸烟风险认知（p<0.001）和戒烟意愿（p<0.001），与其他三种常见疾病相关的警示标签相比，其统计学意义水平要高得多。
对所有四种疾病相关风险的详细描述与吸烟相关危害的认知及戒烟意愿呈正相关。然而，与性功能障碍相关的警示相比其他三种常见疾病相关的警示具有更高的统计学意义。这种更强的显著性可能归因于年轻人对性功能障碍的高度关注。
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