Department of Sociology & Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 5;17(5):1653. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051653.
China has the largest population of male smokers globally. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at greater risk of cigarette smoking compared to the general population. Limited data are available regarding cigarette smoking and its associations with other health issues among Chinese MSM. Eligible MSM (n = 1100) were recruited from mainland China using an online national cross-sectional survey conducted in 2014-2015. Socio-demographic characteristics, smoking behavior, substance use, homosexual stigma and outness, HIV-related risk behavior, and HIV status were obtained. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate predictors of current cigarette smoking frequency and the co-occurrence of smoking and drug use. Nearly 41% (n = 446) of participants had ever smoked cigarettes; 25% (n = 278) were current frequent smokers; and 13% (n = 138) were current infrequent smokers. Factors associated with a history of smoking included age, employment status, and monthly salary. Risk factors associated with current frequent smoking included self-identification as gay, having female sexual partners, binge drinking, drug use, higher levels of homosexual stigma, and being partially or fully "out" as gay. Adjusted multinomial analysis showed that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related risks, including risky sexual behaviors, lack of condom use, and a reported history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), were associated with co-occurrence of current smoking and drug use. Cigarette smoking rates remain high among MSM in China. Cigarette smoking is associated with binge drinking, drug use, and HIV-related risks in this community. There is a clear opportunity for smoking cessation interventions to be linked with HIV and substance use prevention interventions, thereby addressing multiple health issues simultaneously for the MSM community in China.
中国拥有全球最大的男性烟民群体。与一般人群相比，男男性行为者（MSM）吸烟的风险更高。关于中国 MSM 吸烟及其与其他健康问题的关联，目前数据有限。本研究于 2014 年至 2015 年采用在线全国横断面调查，从中国大陆招募了符合条件的 MSM（n=1100）。收集了参与者的社会人口学特征、吸烟行为、物质使用、同性恋污名和公开度、HIV 相关风险行为和 HIV 状况。采用 logistic 回归分析评估了当前吸烟频率的预测因素以及吸烟和药物使用的共现。近 41%（n=446）的参与者有吸烟史；25%（n=278）为当前频繁吸烟者；13%（n=138）为当前偶尔吸烟者。与吸烟史相关的因素包括年龄、就业状况和月收入。与当前频繁吸烟相关的风险因素包括自我认同为同性恋、有女性性伴侣、豪饮、药物使用、同性恋污名程度较高以及部分或完全公开自己的同性恋身份。调整后的多项分析显示，与 HIV 相关的风险因素，包括高危性行为、缺乏安全套使用以及报告有性传播感染史，与当前吸烟和药物使用共现相关。中国 MSM 的吸烟率仍然很高。在中国，吸烟与豪饮、药物使用和 HIV 相关风险有关。中国 MSM 社区显然有机会将戒烟干预与 HIV 和药物使用预防干预联系起来，从而同时解决多个健康问题。
