Sadeghi Elham, Valsecchi Nicola, Vupparaboina Sharat Chandra, Mehrotra Kunaal, Vupparaboina Kiran Kumar, Bollepalli Sandeep Chandra, Sahel Jose-Alain, Eller Andrew W, Chhablani Jay
School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Ophthalmology Unit, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2025 May;35(3):996-1004. doi: 10.1177/11206721241287252. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
PurposeTo study the progression of geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration over a five-year follow-up.MethodsEyes with GA included to assess demographic data, yearly optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings and the GA growth rate on infra-red (IR) images.ResultsA total of 41 eyes of 29 patients were included with a mean age of 81.76 ± 6.37 at baseline, and 65.51% were females. Over five years, there was a significant increase in the mean GA area from 8.44 ± 8.98 mm² to 13.32 ± 10.07 mm² (P < 0.001), with an annual growth rate of 1.14 ± 0.78 mm². The annual growth rates in females were slightly higher compared to males (1.29 ± 0.89 mm2 vs 0.96 ± 0.49 mm2, p = 0.569), and in smokers was slightly higher than non-smokers (1.35 ± 0.85 mm2 vs 0.94 ± 0.66 mm2, p = 0.100). Larger GA areas at the baseline showed higher GA progression in mm per year (P = 0.04). Smaller GA areas and fovea-spared GA at the baseline exhibited a larger percentage increase (P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). There was a lower GA progression rate in eyes with outer retinal tubulations (ORT) (P = 0.027), yet no significant correlation was found between GA progression and other OCT features.ConclusionsSmaller, fovea-sparing GA eyes experienced a more substantial proportional increase over five years. Also, The presence of ORT was associated with a slower rate of GA progression. Additionally, we observed a trend of faster GA growth in smokers and female genders.
通过五年随访研究年龄相关性黄斑变性继发地图样萎缩（GA）的进展情况。
纳入患有GA的眼睛，评估人口统计学数据、每年的光学相干断层扫描（OCT）结果以及红外（IR）图像上的GA增长率。
共纳入29例患者的41只眼睛，基线时平均年龄为81.76±6.37岁，女性占65.51%。在五年间，平均GA面积从8.44±8.98 mm²显著增加至13.32±10.07 mm²（P＜0.001），年增长率为1.14±0.78 mm²。女性的年增长率略高于男性（1.29±0.89 mm2对0.96±0.49 mm2，p = 0.569），吸烟者的年增长率略高于非吸烟者（1.35±0.85 mm2对0.94±0.66 mm2，p = 0.100）。基线时GA面积较大者每年GA进展的毫米数更高（P = 0.04）。基线时GA面积较小和中心凹未累及的GA的百分比增加更大（分别为P＜0.001和P = 0.015）。存在外层视网膜管状结构（ORT）的眼睛GA进展率较低（P = 0.027），但未发现GA进展与其他OCT特征之间存在显著相关性。
较小的、中心凹未累及的GA眼睛在五年间经历了更大的比例增加。此外，ORT的存在与GA进展速度较慢相关。此外，我们观察到吸烟者和女性中GA增长更快的趋势。
