Montalvo Samuel, Gonzalez Matthew P, Dietze-Hermosa Martin S, Martinez Armando, Rodriguez Sergio, Gomez Manuel, Cubillos Nicholas, Ibarra-Mejia Gabriel, Tan Erik, Dorgo Sandor
Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
Stanford Sports Cardiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
J Strength Cond Res. 2025 Feb 1;39(2):173-183. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004937. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
Montalvo, S, Gonzalez, MP, Dietze-Hermosa, MS, Martinez, A, Rodriguez, S, Gomez, M, Ibarra-Mejia, G, Tan, E, and Dorgo, S. Effects of different stretching modalities on the antagonist and agonist muscles on isokinetic strength and vertical jump performance in young men. J Strength Cond Res 39(2): 173-183, 2025-Exercise warm-up may include static or dynamic stretching, impacting performance differently. This study investigated the effects of various stretching protocols on isokinetic strength, muscular activity, and vertical jump performance. Sixteen subjects, divided evenly between trained and untrained groups, underwent 8 distinct stretching conditions in random order. Outcomes measured included isokinetic knee extension and flexion torque and power, muscular activity (vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and biceps femoris), and jump performance (jump height and modified reactive strength index [RSImod]). Responses to the stretching conditions were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach. For isokinetic knee extension, dynamic stretching of both agonist and antagonist (DY-AG-ANT) and combined dynamic agonist with static antagonist stretching (DY-AG ST-ANT) produced significant improvements. Dynamic stretching of both agonist and antagonist increased peak torque by 12.72% and average torque by 30.80%, while DY-AG ST-ANT increased peak torque by 15.61% and average torque by 41.06%. Muscular activity also improved significantly; DY-AG ST-ANT increased EMG activity of the vastus lateralis by 29.43% and vastus medialis by 70.75%. Biceps femoris saw a 33.18% increase with DY-AG and a 22.15% increase with ST-AG. Countermovement jump height improved with DY-AG-ANT (12.6%) and static antagonist (ST-ANT) conditions (11.3%) ( p < 0.05). Dynamic stretching of both agonist and antagonist also enhanced average power knee extension by 32.41%, while ST-AG DY-ANT improved it by 31.09% ( p < 0.05). Dynamic stretching, especially when combined with static stretching, optimizes isokinetic strength, muscular activity, and jump height. Coaches should incorporate dynamic stretching, alone or with static antagonist stretching, to maximize performance.
蒙塔尔沃、S、冈萨雷斯、MP、迪茨 - 埃尔莫萨、MS、马丁内斯、A、罗德里格斯、S、戈麦斯、M、伊瓦拉 - 梅希亚、G、谭、E和多尔戈、S。不同拉伸方式对年轻男性等速肌力及垂直跳跃表现中拮抗肌和主动肌的影响。《力量与体能研究杂志》39(2): 173 - 183, 2025年 - 运动热身可能包括静态或动态拉伸，对表现的影响各不相同。本研究调查了各种拉伸方案对等速肌力、肌肉活动和垂直跳跃表现的影响。16名受试者平均分为训练组和未训练组，随机接受8种不同的拉伸条件。测量的结果包括等速膝关节伸展和屈曲扭矩及功率、肌肉活动（股外侧肌、股内侧肌和股二头肌）以及跳跃表现（跳跃高度和改良反应力量指数[RSImod]）。使用混合方法分析对拉伸条件的反应。对于等速膝关节伸展，主动肌和拮抗肌的动态拉伸（DY - AG - ANT）以及主动肌动态拉伸与拮抗肌静态拉伸相结合（DY - AG ST - ANT）产生了显著改善。主动肌和拮抗肌的动态拉伸使峰值扭矩增加了12.72%，平均扭矩增加了30.80%，而DY - AG ST - ANT使峰值扭矩增加了15.61%，平均扭矩增加了41.06%。肌肉活动也有显著改善；DY - AG ST - ANT使股外侧肌的肌电图活动增加了29.43%，股内侧肌增加了70.75%。股二头肌在DY - AG时增加了33.18%，在ST - AG时增加了22.15%。反向移动跳跃高度在DY - AG - ANT（12.6%）和拮抗肌静态拉伸（ST - ANT）条件下有所提高（11.3%）（p < 0.05）。主动肌和拮抗肌的动态拉伸还使膝关节伸展的平均功率提高了32.41%，而ST - AG DY - ANT使其提高了31.09%（p < 0.05）。动态拉伸，尤其是与静态拉伸相结合时，可优化等速肌力、肌肉活动和跳跃高度。教练应采用动态拉伸，单独使用或与拮抗肌静态拉伸结合使用，以最大限度地提高表现。
